EN 10025-4 Structural Steel Plate, Sheet, Coil & Strip – Grades, Sizes, Properties and Applications

Introduction

EN 10025-4 is a European standard that specifies thermomechanically rolled weldable fine-grain structural steels. These steels are designed to deliver high yield strength, excellent toughness, and superior weldability while maintaining reduced carbon content for improved fabrication performance. EN 10025-4 steels are widely used in modern structural, construction, offshore, and heavy engineering applications where weight reduction, high strength, and reliability are critical.

Compared to normalized steels under EN 10025-3, EN 10025-4 steels achieve higher strength levels through controlled thermomechanical rolling, resulting in refined grain structure, improved toughness, and consistent mechanical properties across thicknesses. These steels are supplied in sheet, plate, coil, and strip forms, offering flexibility for both structural fabrication and large-scale industrial projects.

Applicable Standards and Specifications

Standard: EN 10025-4
Material Type: Weldable fine-grain structural steel
Product Forms: Sheet, plate, coil, strip
Manufacturing Process: Thermomechanically Rolled (TMCP)
Delivery Condition: +M (Thermomechanically Rolled)

EN 10025-4 steels comply with European structural design and construction standards and are suitable for welded constructions subjected to static and dynamic loads.

Available Grades of EN 10025-4 Structural Steel

EN 10025-4 defines multiple grades classified by minimum yield strength and impact toughness:

S275M, S275ML
S355M, S355ML
S420M, S420ML
S460M, S460ML

Grades with the “M” suffix are thermomechanically rolled, while “ML” grades offer enhanced notch toughness at lower service temperatures.

Chemical Composition of EN 10025-4 Structural Steel (%)

S275M / S275ML

S355M / S355ML

S420M / S420ML

S460M / S460ML

Note: ML grades meet stricter impact toughness requirements, while chemical composition remains within EN 10025-4 limits.

Mechanical Properties of EN 10025-4 Structural Steel

Impact testing:
M grades typically tested at −20°C.
ML grades tested at −50°C depending on thickness.

Physical Properties (Typical)

Density: approximately 7.85 g/cm³
Melting Point: approximately 1425 – 1540°C
Thermal Conductivity: approximately 50 – 60 W/m·K
Modulus of Elasticity: approximately 200 GPa

Thickness, Width, and Size Range

Sheet thickness: 1.5 mm to 6 mm
Plate thickness: 6 mm to 200 mm
Coil thickness: 1.8 mm to 25 mm
Strip width: 10 mm onwards

Maximum width: up to 3200 mm
Length: up to 12000 mm or cut-to-length as required

Materials can be supplied as hot rolled, pickled, or surface-treated as per project needs.

Key Features of EN 10025-4 Steel Sheet / Plate / Coil / Strip

Thermomechanically Rolled Fine-Grain Structure
EN 10025-4 steels are produced using thermomechanical rolling (TMCP), which refines the grain structure and improves strength and toughness without increasing carbon content. This results in superior mechanical performance compared to conventionally rolled structural steels.

High Yield Strength with Weight Reduction
The high yield strength of EN 10025-4 grades enables designers to reduce plate thickness while maintaining load-bearing capacity. This leads to lighter structures, easier handling, and reduced transportation and installation costs.

Excellent Weldability
Low carbon and controlled chemical composition result in a low carbon equivalent (CE). This significantly reduces the risk of weld cracking and allows welding without preheating in most thicknesses, improving fabrication efficiency.

Superior Low-Temperature Toughness
ML grades offer enhanced impact toughness at sub-zero temperatures, making them suitable for offshore structures, cold climates, and applications subjected to dynamic or impact loading.

Uniform Mechanical Properties
Thermomechanical processing ensures consistent mechanical properties across the entire plate, sheet, coil, or strip thickness, providing predictable performance and improved quality control.

Outstanding Formability
EN 10025-4 steels can be easily bent, rolled, and formed without surface cracking or loss of strength, supporting complex fabrication and structural designs.

Reduced Residual Stress and Distortion
Lower residual stresses minimize distortion during cutting, welding, and fabrication, resulting in improved dimensional accuracy and reduced rework.

Wide Product Form Availability
The material is available in sheet, plate, coil, and strip forms, allowing flexibility for both heavy structural projects and precision fabrication applications.

Cost-Effective High-Strength Solution
By combining high strength, excellent weldability, and reduced fabrication time, EN 10025-4 steels provide a cost-effective alternative to normalized or quenched and tempered structural steels.

Compliance with European Structural Standards
EN 10025-4 steels fully comply with European construction and design standards, ensuring acceptance in infrastructure, offshore, and industrial projects worldwide.

Weldability and Fabrication

EN 10025-4 steels exhibit outstanding weldability using standard welding processes including SMAW, GMAW, FCAW, and SAW. Preheating is generally unnecessary for thinner sections; however, thicker plates and higher-strength grades may require controlled preheat based on carbon equivalent values. The steel is suitable for bending, rolling, forming, and flame cutting.

Machinability

Machinability is moderate. Higher-grade materials such as S420M and S460M require optimized tooling and controlled cutting parameters to maintain tool life and surface finish.

Corrosion Resistance

EN 10025-4 steels offer limited inherent corrosion resistance. For outdoor, marine, or industrial environments, surface protection methods such as painting, galvanizing, epoxy coating, or metallizing are recommended.

Typical Applications of EN 10025-4 Steel Sheet / Plate / Coil / Strip

Structural and Construction Applications
High-rise buildings and commercial structures
Bridges, flyovers, and long-span constructions
Industrial plants and structural frameworks

Heavy Engineering and Fabrication
Cranes, loaders, and lifting equipment
Material handling systems
Earthmoving and mining equipment structures

Offshore and Marine Applications
Offshore platforms and support structures
Shipbuilding hull sections and decks
Port and jetty construction

Energy and Power Sector
Wind turbine towers and foundations
Power plant structures and boiler supports
Oil and gas processing facilities

Transportation and Infrastructure
Truck and trailer chassis
Railway wagons and structural components
Container frames and transport platforms

Low Temperature Applications
ML grades are suitable for cold regions, offshore installations, and structures exposed to sub-zero temperatures where high impact toughness is required.

Testing and Quality Assurance

Chemical composition analysis
Tensile, yield, and elongation testing
Impact testing at specified temperatures
Dimensional inspection
Visual and surface examination

Material Test Certificates as per EN 10204 3.1 are supplied upon request.

Conclusion

EN 10025-4 Structural Steel Sheet, Plate, Coil, and Strip provide an optimal balance of strength, toughness, weldability, and fabrication efficiency. With thermomechanical rolling ensuring refined grain structure and superior performance, these steels are ideal for demanding structural, offshore, and heavy engineering applications. Their wide grade range and excellent mechanical properties make EN 10025-4 steels a preferred choice for modern construction and industrial projects requiring reliability and cost efficiency.

 For customized sizes, grade selection, or technical assistance, contact Ladhani Metal Corporation.

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