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EN 10222 is a European
standard series covering steel forgings for pressure
purposes. The
series is used for pressure-containing forged components such as flanges,
rings, valve bodies, pressure-vessel components and other forged parts where
controlled mechanical properties, chemical composition and heat treatment are
required.
EN 10222-1 provides the
general requirements, while Parts 2 to 5 specify the material requirements for
different steel families. Parts 2 through 5 cover ferritic and martensitic
steels for elevated temperatures, nickel steels for low temperatures, weldable
fine-grain steels, and stainless steels respectively.
EN 10222-2 – Ferritic and Martensitic Steels
with Specified Elevated Temperature Properties
EN 10222-2 specifies ferritic
and martensitic steel forgings intended for pressure purposes where
elevated-temperature mechanical properties are required. The standard includes
non-alloy steels, low-alloy creep-resistant steels and higher-alloy
chromium-molybdenum and chromium-molybdenum-vanadium steels.
Chemical Composition – EN 10222-2
|
Grade |
C
% |
Si
% |
Mn
% |
P
% max. |
S
% max. |
Cr
% |
Mo
% |
Ni
% |
V
% |
Other |
|
P235GH |
≤0.16 |
≤0.35 |
0.40–1.20 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.08 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.03 |
Nb ≤0.01, Ti ≤0.02 |
|
P245GH |
0.08–0.20 |
≤0.40 |
0.50–1.30 |
0.025 |
0.015 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.08 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.02 |
Nb ≤0.01, Ti ≤0.02 |
|
P250GH |
0.18–0.23 |
≤0.40 |
0.30–0.90 |
0.025 |
0.015 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.08 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.02 |
Nb ≤0.01, Ti ≤0.02 |
|
P265GH |
≤0.20 |
≤0.40 |
0.50–1.40 |
0.030 |
0.025 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.08 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.03 |
Ti ≤0.02 |
|
P280GH |
0.08–0.20 |
≤0.40 |
0.90–1.50 |
0.025 |
0.015 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.08 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.02 |
Nb ≤0.01, Ti ≤0.02 |
|
P295GH |
0.08–0.20 |
≤0.40 |
0.90–1.50 |
0.030 |
0.025 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.08 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.03 |
Ti ≤0.02 |
|
P305GH |
0.15–0.20 |
≤0.40 |
0.90–1.60 |
0.025 |
0.015 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.08 |
≤0.30 |
≤0.03 |
Ti ≤0.02 |
|
16Mo3 |
0.12–0.20 |
≤0.35 |
0.40–0.90 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
≤0.30 |
— |
≤0.30 |
— |
Mo 0.25–0.35 |
|
13CrMo4-5 |
0.08–0.18 |
≤0.35 |
0.40–1.15 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.70–1.15 |
0.40–0.60 |
— |
— |
— |
|
15MnMoV4-5 |
≤0.18 |
≤0.40 |
0.90–1.40 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
— |
0.40–0.60 |
— |
0.04–0.08 |
— |
|
18MnMoNi5-5 |
≤0.20 |
≤0.40 |
1.15–1.55 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
— |
0.45–0.55 |
≤0.03 |
— |
Ni 0.50–0.80 |
|
14MoV6-3 |
0.10–0.18 |
≤0.40 |
0.30–0.60 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
— |
0.50–0.70 |
— |
0.22–0.28 |
Sn ≤0.025 |
|
15MnCrMoNiV5-3 |
≤0.17 |
≤0.40 |
0.70–1.50 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.20–0.35 |
0.50–0.70 |
0.30–0.50 |
0.05–0.10 |
— |
|
11CrMo9-10 |
0.08–0.15 |
≤0.50 |
0.90–1.50 |
0.020 |
0.010 |
2.00–2.50 |
0.90–1.10 |
— |
— |
— |
|
X16CrMo5-1 |
≤0.18 |
≤0.40 |
0.45–0.65 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
4.00–6.00 |
0.45–0.65 |
— |
— |
— |
|
X10CrMoVNb9-1 |
0.08–0.12 |
≤0.50 |
0.30–0.60 |
0.020 |
0.005 |
8.00–9.50 |
0.85–1.05 |
≤0.30 |
0.18–0.25 |
Nb 0.06–0.10, N 0.03–0.07 |
|
X20CrMoV11-1 |
0.17–0.23 |
0.10–0.60 |
0.30–0.80 |
0.020 |
0.005 |
10.00–12.50 |
0.80–1.20 |
0.30–0.80 |
0.20–0.35 |
— |
The chemical composition
values are cast-analysis requirements; the exact permissible product-analysis
deviations are separately specified by the standard.
EN 10222-3 – Nickel Steels with Specified
Low-Temperature Properties
EN 10222-3 covers nickel
steel forgings for pressure purposes intended for low-temperature service. The nickel additions provide
improved toughness at sub-zero temperatures.
Chemical Composition – EN 10222-3
|
Grade |
C
% max. |
Si
% max. |
Mn
% |
P
% max. |
S
% max. |
Ni
% |
Mo
% max. |
Nb
% max. |
V
% max. |
Al
total % min. |
|
13MnNi6-3 |
0.16 |
0.50 |
0.85–1.70 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.30–0.85 |
0.08 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.020 |
|
15NiMn6 |
0.18 |
0.35 |
0.80–1.50 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
1.30–1.70 |
0.08 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
— |
|
12Ni14 |
0.15 |
0.35 |
0.30–0.80 |
0.020 |
0.005 |
3.25–3.75 |
0.08 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
— |
|
X12Ni5 |
0.15 |
0.35 |
0.30–0.80 |
0.020 |
0.005 |
4.75–5.25 |
0.08 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
— |
|
X8Ni9 |
0.10 |
0.35 |
0.30–0.80 |
0.020 |
0.005 |
8.50–10.00 |
0.08 |
0.10 |
0.05 |
— |
For EN 10222-3, chromium,
copper and molybdenum are additionally restricted, with Cr ≤0.30%, Cu ≤0.30%,
Mo ≤0.08%, and the combined Cr+Cu+Mo limited to 0.50%. Certain nickel limits
can be modified by agreement between purchaser and supplier.
EN 10222-4 – Weldable Fine Grain Steels with
High Proof Strength
EN 10222-4 covers weldable
fine-grain steel forgings with high proof strength for pressure purposes. The grades
include normalized and quenched-and-tempered steels with different toughness
levels.
Chemical Composition – EN 10222-4
|
Grade |
C
% max. |
Si
% max. |
Mn
% |
P
% max. |
S
% max. |
Cr
% max. |
Cu
% max. |
Mo
% max. |
Ni
% max. |
V
% max. |
Nb
% max. |
N
% max. |
|
P285NH |
0.18 |
0.40 |
0.80–1.50 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.30 |
0.20 |
0.08 |
0.30 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
0.020 |
|
P285QH |
0.18 |
0.40 |
0.80–1.50 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.30 |
0.20 |
0.08 |
0.30 |
0.05 |
0.03 |
0.020 |
|
P355NH |
0.18 |
0.50 |
1.10–1.70 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.08 |
0.50 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.020 |
|
P355NL1 |
0.18 |
0.50 |
1.10–1.70 |
0.025 |
0.015 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.08 |
0.50 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.020 |
|
P355NL2 |
0.18 |
0.50 |
1.10–1.70 |
0.025 |
0.020 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.08 |
0.50 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.020 |
|
P355QH1 |
0.18 |
0.50 |
0.90–1.50 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.10 |
0.50 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.020 |
|
P355QL1 |
0.18 |
0.50 |
0.90–1.50 |
0.025 |
0.015 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.10 |
0.50 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.020 |
|
P355QL2 |
0.18 |
0.50 |
0.90–1.50 |
0.025 |
0.020 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.10 |
0.50 |
0.05 |
0.05 |
0.020 |
|
P420NH |
0.20 |
0.60 |
1.10–1.70 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.20 |
1.00 |
0.05 |
0.10 |
0.020 |
|
P420QH |
0.20 |
0.60 |
1.10–1.70 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.20 |
1.00 |
0.05 |
0.10 |
0.020 |
|
P460QH |
0.20 |
0.60 |
1.10–1.70 |
0.025 |
0.010 |
0.50 |
0.30 |
0.50 |
1.00 |
0.05 |
0.15 |
0.020 |
|
P460QL1 |
0.20 |
0.60 |
1.10–1.70 |
0.025 |
0.015 |
0.50 |
0.30 |
0.50 |
1.00 |
0.05 |
0.15 |
0.020 |
|
P460QL2 |
0.20 |
0.60 |
1.10–1.70 |
0.025 |
0.020 |
0.50 |
0.30 |
0.50 |
1.00 |
0.05 |
0.15 |
0.020 |
The EN 10222-4 amendment
confirms the grade groups, heat-treatment conditions and chemical-composition
limits.
EN 10222-5 – Martensitic, Austenitic and
Austenitic-Ferritic Stainless Steels
EN 10222-5 covers stainless
steel forgings for pressure purposes, including martensitic, austenitic and
austenitic-ferritic stainless steels. The 2017 edition contains a broad range
of corrosion-resistant stainless forging grades.
Martensitic Grade
|
Grade |
C
% max. |
Si
% max. |
Mn
% max. |
P
% max. |
S
% max. |
Cr
% |
Mo
% |
Ni
% |
N
% |
|
X3CrNiMo13-4 |
0.05 |
0.70 |
1.50 |
0.040 |
0.015 |
12.0–14.0 |
0.30–0.70 |
3.5–4.5 |
≥0.020 |
Austenitic Grades
|
Grade |
C
% |
Si
% max. |
Mn
% max. |
P
% max. |
S
% max. |
Cr
% |
Mo
% |
Ni
% |
N
% |
|
X2CrNi18-9 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
17.5–19.5 |
— |
8.0–10.5 |
≤0.10 |
|
X2CrNi19-11 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
18.0–20.0 |
— |
10.0–12.0 |
≤0.10 |
|
X2CrNiN18-10 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
17.5–19.5 |
— |
8.5–11.5 |
0.12–0.22 |
|
X5CrNi18-10 |
0.07 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
17.5–19.5 |
— |
8.0–10.5 |
≤0.10 |
|
X6CrNiTi18-10 |
0.08 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
17.0–19.0 |
— |
9.0–12.0 |
— |
|
X6CrNiNb18-10 |
0.08 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
17.0–19.0 |
— |
9.0–12.0 |
— |
|
X6CrNi18-10 |
0.04–0.08 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.035 |
0.015 |
17.0–19.0 |
— |
8.0–11.0 |
≤0.10 |
|
X6CrNiTiB18-10 |
0.04–0.08 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.035 |
0.015 |
17.0–19.0 |
— |
9.0–12.0 |
— |
|
X7CrNiNb18-10 |
0.04–0.10 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
17.0–19.0 |
— |
9.0–12.0 |
— |
|
X2CrNiMo17-12-2 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
16.5–18.5 |
2.0–2.5 |
10.0–13.0 |
≤0.10 |
|
X2CrNiMoN17-11-2 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
16.5–18.5 |
2.0–2.5 |
10.0–12.5 |
0.12–0.22 |
|
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 |
0.07 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
16.5–18.5 |
2.0–2.5 |
10.0–13.0 |
≤0.10 |
|
X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 |
0.08 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
16.5–18.5 |
2.0–2.5 |
10.5–13.5 |
— |
|
X2CrNiMo17-12-3 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
16.5–18.5 |
2.5–3.0 |
10.5–13.0 |
≤0.10 |
|
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
16.5–18.5 |
2.5–3.0 |
11.0–14.0 |
0.12–0.22 |
|
X3CrNiMo17-13-3 |
0.05 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
16.5–18.5 |
2.5–3.0 |
10.5–13.0 |
≤0.10 |
|
X2CrNiMo18-14-3 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
17.0–19.0 |
2.5–3.0 |
12.5–15.0 |
≤0.10 |
|
X3CrNiMoBN17-13-3 |
0.04 |
0.75 |
2.00 |
0.035 |
0.015 |
16.0–18.0 |
2.0–3.0 |
12.0–14.0 |
0.10–0.18 |
|
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
16.5–18.5 |
4.0–5.0 |
12.5–14.5 |
0.12–0.22 |
|
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 |
0.020 |
0.70 |
2.00 |
0.030 |
0.010 |
19.0–21.0 |
4.0–5.0 |
24.0–26.0 |
≤0.15 |
|
X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7 |
0.020 |
0.70 |
1.00 |
0.030 |
0.010 |
19.5–20.5 |
6.0–7.0 |
17.5–18.5 |
0.18–0.25 |
|
X1CrNiMoCuN25-20-7 |
0.020 |
0.50 |
1.00 |
0.030 |
0.010 |
19.0–21.0 |
6.0–7.0 |
24.0–26.0 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
X2CrNiCu19-10 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
18.5–20.0 |
— |
9.0–10.0 |
≤0.08 |
|
X3CrNiMo18-12-3 |
0.035 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.045 |
0.015 |
17.0–18.2 |
2.25–2.75 |
11.5–12.5 |
≤0.08 |
Titanium, niobium, boron and
copper limits apply to the specific stabilized or alloyed grades as indicated
in the standard.
Austenitic-Ferritic / Duplex Grades
|
Grade |
C
% max. |
Si
% max. |
Mn
% max. |
P
% max. |
S
% max. |
Cr
% |
Mo
% |
Ni
% |
N
% |
Other |
|
X2CrNiN23-4 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.035 |
0.015 |
22–24 |
0.10–0.60 |
3.5–5.5 |
0.05–0.20 |
Cu 0.10–0.60 |
|
X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.035 |
0.015 |
21–23 |
2.5–3.5 |
4.5–6.5 |
0.10–0.22 |
— |
|
X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3 |
0.030 |
0.70 |
2.00 |
0.035 |
0.015 |
24–26 |
3.0–4.0 |
6.0–8.0 |
0.20–0.30 |
Cu 1.0–2.5 |
|
X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
0.035 |
0.015 |
24–26 |
3.0–4.5 |
6.0–8.0 |
0.24–0.35 |
— |
|
X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 |
0.030 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
0.035 |
0.015 |
24–26 |
3.0–4.0 |
6.0–8.0 |
0.20–0.30 |
W 0.50–1.00, Cu 0.50–1.00 |
The duplex grades are
supplied in solution-annealed condition, with solution-treatment temperatures
depending on grade.
Forms of Supply
EN 10222 forgings can be
supplied in pressure-equipment forging forms such as:
Forged Flanges | Forged Rings
| Forged Valve Bodies | Forged Pressure Vessel Components | Forged Covers |
Forged Nozzles | Forged Hubs | Forged Discs | Forged Closures | Custom Pressure
Forgings
Heat Treatment
Heat treatment varies
substantially according to the EN 10222 part and grade.
EN 10222-2 includes
normalized, normalized-and-tempered, quenched-and-tempered and, for certain
grades, annealed conditions. High-alloy grades such as X10CrMoVNb9-1 and
X20CrMoV11-1 require controlled austenitizing and tempering.
EN 10222-3 uses normalized,
normalized-and-tempered and quenched-and-tempered conditions according to the
nickel grade.
EN 10222-4 uses normalized or
quenched-and-tempered conditions depending on grade. For example, P355QL1 and
P355QL2 are supplied quenched and tempered, while P355NL1 and P355NL2 are
normalized.
EN 10222-5 stainless grades
are primarily supplied in solution-annealed condition, with the applicable
solution-treatment temperature determined by the grade.
Mechanical Properties
The required mechanical
properties depend on the material group, grade, ruling section thickness and
heat-treatment condition.
EN 10222-2 emphasizes
elevated-temperature proof strength in addition to room-temperature tensile
properties.
EN 10222-3 emphasizes tensile
properties and low-temperature impact toughness. For example, X8Ni9 provides a
minimum yield strength of 490 MPa for smaller ruling sections and tensile
strength of 640–840 MPa.
EN 10222-4 contains
high-proof-strength fine-grain grades such as P420 and P460 series materials.
EN 10222-5 provides tensile
and proof-strength requirements for martensitic, austenitic and duplex
stainless steel forgings, including elevated-temperature properties for
applicable grades.
Applications
EN 10222 forgings are
commonly used for pressure-containing and pressure-retaining components in:
Pressure Vessels | Boilers |
Heat Exchangers | Steam Systems | Power Generation Equipment | Petrochemical
Equipment | Chemical Processing Equipment | Oil & Gas Equipment | Refinery
Equipment | High-Temperature Pressure Systems | Low-Temperature Pressure
Systems | Stainless Steel Pressure Equipment
Key Features
- Controlled chemical composition for
pressure applications.
- Defined mechanical properties
according to grade and ruling section.
- Grades for elevated-temperature
service under EN 10222-2.
- Nickel grades for low-temperature
toughness under EN 10222-3.
- High-strength weldable fine-grain
grades under EN 10222-4.
- Austenitic, martensitic and duplex
stainless grades under EN 10222-5.
- Controlled heat-treatment requirements.
- Suitable for forged
pressure-containing components.
- Requirements are coordinated with
the general requirements of EN 10222-1.
Conclusion
EN 10222 Parts 2 to 5 provide
a comprehensive range of forged steels for pressure equipment. EN
10222-2 covers ferritic and martensitic steels with
elevated-temperature properties, EN 10222-3 covers nickel steels for
low-temperature service, EN 10222-4 covers weldable fine-grain
high-proof-strength steels, and EN 10222-5 covers stainless steel forgings including
martensitic, austenitic and duplex grades.
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