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Introduction

ISO 9329-3 specifies technical delivery conditions for seamless tubes of circular cross-section manufactured from unalloyed and alloyed steels with specified low-temperature toughness properties. The tubes are intended primarily for low-temperature piping systems and are supplied with specified mechanical properties and impact toughness at reduced temperatures.

The standard covers unalloyed carbon steels and alloy steels, including manganese-nickel steels, chromium-molybdenum steel and nickel alloy steels designed for service where resistance to brittle fracture at low temperature is required.

ISO 9329-3 tubes are manufactured by a seamless process and may be supplied hot-finished or cold-finished before the specified heat treatment.

Ladhani Metal Corporation supplies ISO 9329-3 seamless steel tubes in required grades, dimensions, heat-treatment conditions and surface finishes, with mill test certificates and inspection documentation as required.

Material Type

ISO 9329-3 covers:

• Carbon / Unalloyed Steel Tubes
• Alloy Steel Tubes
• Carbon-Manganese Steel Tubes
• Manganese-Nickel Steel Tubes
• Chromium-Molybdenum Steel Tubes
• Nickel Alloy Steel Tubes
• Low-Temperature Steel Tubes
• Low-Temperature Pressure Tubes
• Cryogenic-Service Steel Tubes
• Seamless Pressure Tubes

The standard requires the steels used for these tubes to be fully killed.

Forms of Supply

• Seamless Steel Tubes
• Hot-Finished Seamless Tubes
• Cold-Finished Seamless Tubes
• Circular Seamless Tubes
• Plain-End Tubes
• Cut-to-Length Tubes
• Precision Seamless Tubes
• Heavy-Wall Seamless Tubes
• Low-Temperature Pressure Tubes
• Custom-Dimension Seamless Tubes

ISO 9329-3 specifically permits seamless tubes manufactured by hot or cold finishing before heat treatment.

ISO 9329-3 – Seamless Steel Tubes for Low-Temperature Service

Low-Temperature Pressure Steel Tubes

ISO 9329-3 covers seamless circular tubes manufactured from unalloyed and alloyed steels with specified low-temperature toughness properties.

The standard is intended for low-temperature piping systems and specifies chemical composition, mechanical properties, impact toughness, manufacturing requirements, heat treatment, dimensional requirements and inspection provisions.

Typical Steel Categories

• Carbon Steel
• Unalloyed Steel
• Carbon-Manganese Steel
• Manganese-Nickel Steel
• Chromium-Molybdenum Steel
• Nickel Alloy Steel
• Low-Temperature Tough Steel
• Cryogenic-Service Alloy Steel

Available Grades

The ISO 9329-3:1997 grade range includes:

• PL 21
• PL 23
• PL 25
• PL 26
• 26 CrMo 4
• 11 MnNi 5-3
• 13 MnNi 6-3
• 12 Ni 14
• X 12 Ni 5
• X 10 Ni 9

These grades include both unalloyed steels and alloy steels with progressively higher nickel or alloy content for demanding low-temperature service.

Chemical Composition

Chemical composition requirements are specified by heat analysis in ISO 9329-3. The following values summarize the principal limits for the published grades; exact product-analysis tolerances are governed by the standard.

The standard also places restrictions on residual and other elements that are not intentionally added, and specific aluminium or grain-refining requirements apply to applicable grades.

Mechanical Properties

Mechanical requirements depend on the steel grade and wall thickness. ISO 9329-3 specifies tensile strength, yield or proof stress and elongation, together with technological tests such as flattening, bending, drift expanding and ring expanding where applicable.

The yield or proof-stress values vary with wall thickness for several grades. For tubes exceeding 40 mm wall thickness, the values are subject to agreement between purchaser and manufacturer at the time of ordering.

Low-Temperature Impact Properties

Low-temperature impact toughness is a major requirement of ISO 9329-3.

The standard specifies minimum Charpy V-notch impact energy values at designated test temperatures for the individual grades. Testing is carried out at the lowest temperature specified for the grade unless a higher test temperature is agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.

Typical low-temperature service grades include:

• PL 21
• PL 23
• PL 25
• PL 26
• 11 MnNi 5-3
• 13 MnNi 6-3
• 12 Ni 14
• X 12 Ni 5
• X 10 Ni 9

Nickel-alloyed grades such as X 12 Ni 5 and X 10 Ni 9 provide particularly low-temperature-oriented material options, with impact requirements extending to very low test temperatures.

Delivery Conditions

ISO 9329-3 requires tubes to be suitably heat treated over their full length.

Specified heat-treatment conditions include:

• Normalized
• Normalized and Tempered
• Quenched and Tempered

The reference condition varies according to the steel grade. PL 21, PL 23, PL 26, 11 MnNi 5-3 and 13 MnNi 6-3 are specified with normalized treatment, while PL 25, 26 CrMo 4, 12 Ni 14, X 12 Ni 5 and X 10 Ni 9 use quenching and tempering where specified by the standard.

Surface Finish

ISO 9329-3 seamless tubes can be supplied with suitable surface conditions such as:

• Hot-Finished Surface
• Cold-Finished Surface
• Descaled Surface
• Machined Surface
• Peeled Surface where applicable
• Ground Surface where applicable
• Pickled Surface where applicable
• Plain Surface

The required surface condition should be agreed according to the tube manufacturing process and purchaser requirements.

Dimensional Accuracy

ISO 9329-3 tubes can be supplied with controlled:

• Outside Diameter
• Inside Diameter
• Wall Thickness
• Length
• Straightness
• Ovality
• End Squareness
• Surface Condition

The purchaser is required to specify the dimensions, normally outside diameter × wall thickness, together with the relevant dimensional standard.

Standard Sizes

ISO 9329-3 covers seamless tubes in dimensions appropriate to the applicable grade and product requirements.

• Outside Diameter: Various sizes
• Wall Thickness: Various thicknesses
• Length: Standard or cut-to-length
• Heavy-Wall Tubes: Available according to manufacturing capability
• Hot-Finished Tubes: Available
• Cold-Finished Tubes: Available
• Custom Sizes: Available by agreement

The standard requires the purchaser to state the outside diameter, wall thickness, length and applicable dimensional standard on the enquiry or order.

Key Features

• Seamless pressure-purpose steel tubes
• Low-temperature toughness
• Carbon and unalloyed steel options
• Manganese-nickel steel options
• Chromium-molybdenum steel options
• Nickel alloy steel options
• Normalized grades
• Quenched and tempered grades
• Controlled impact toughness
• Low-temperature pressure service
• Hot-finished tube availability
• Cold-finished tube availability
• Weldable steel grades
• Controlled dimensional tolerances
• Suitable for low-temperature piping systems

Applications

Pressure Piping

• Low-Temperature Piping
• Pressure Piping Systems
• Process Piping
• Industrial Piping
• Pressure-Service Tubes
• Low-Temperature Process Lines

Oil and Gas Industry

• Hydrocarbon Piping
• Low-Temperature Process Lines
• Gas Processing Systems
• Pressure Piping Components
• Cold-Service Piping

Petrochemical Industry

• Process Piping
• Refinery Piping
• Low-Temperature Process Equipment
• Pressure Systems
• Hydrocarbon Processing Lines

Chemical Industry

• Chemical Process Piping
• Low-Temperature Lines
• Process Equipment
• Pressure Components
• Cold-Service Piping

Cryogenic Applications

Nickel-containing ISO 9329-3 grades are intended for applications requiring specified low-temperature toughness. The applicable grade and impact-test temperature should be selected according to the design temperature and service requirements.

Fabrication and Machining

ISO 9329-3 seamless tubes can be cut, machined, bent, formed, drilled and fabricated according to the selected steel grade and delivery condition.

The standard regards the steels as weldable, although welding performance depends on the steel, preparation and welding procedure. Appropriate welding consumables, preheating and post-weld heat treatment should be determined according to the specific grade and fabrication procedure.

Heat Treatment

Heat treatment is an important requirement of ISO 9329-3 because the mechanical properties and low-temperature toughness depend on the specified delivery condition.

Typical treatments include:

• Normalizing
• Normalizing and Tempering
• Quenching and Tempering

The standard specifies reference heat-treatment conditions for each grade. For example, 26 CrMo 4 and the higher-nickel grades X 12 Ni 5 and X 10 Ni 9 are supplied in quenched-and-tempered conditions, while several manganese-nickel grades are normalized.

Testing and Inspection

ISO 9329-3 provides requirements for testing and inspection, including:

• Chemical Analysis
• Heat Analysis
• Product Analysis where specified
• Tensile Testing
• Yield / Proof Stress Testing
• Elongation Testing
• Charpy V-Notch Impact Testing
• Flattening Test
• Bend Test
• Drift Expanding Test
• Ring Expanding Test
• Hydraulic / Leak-Tightness Testing where specified
• Ultrasonic Testing where specified
• Electromagnetic Testing where specified
• Dimensional Inspection
• Surface Inspection
• Inspection Documentation

The standard references specific testing methods for tensile, flattening, bending, drift expanding and ring expanding tests, as well as ultrasonic and electromagnetic examination methods for pressure-purpose tubes.

Inspection documents can be supplied according to the applicable inspection requirements and purchaser specification.

Advantages

• Designed for low-temperature pressure service
• Seamless construction
• Good resistance to brittle fracture when correctly specified
• Controlled low-temperature impact toughness
• Carbon steel options
• Alloy steel options
• Manganese-nickel grades
• Nickel alloy grades
• Chromium-molybdenum grade
• Normalized material options
• Quenched and tempered material options
• Suitable for pressure piping
• Suitable for process piping
• Available in hot-finished and cold-finished forms
• Suitable for demanding industrial applications

Current Standard Status

ISO 9329-3:1997 is the published edition of the standard for seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes made from unalloyed and alloyed steels with specified low-temperature properties. ISO identifies it as Edition 1, published in March 1997, and states that it was reviewed and confirmed in 2012; therefore, ISO 9329-3:1997 remains the current published edition.

The standard replaced ISO 2604-2:1975 for the applicable seamless low-temperature pressure tube requirements.

ISO 9329-3 should therefore be specified as ISO 9329-3:1997 on enquiries and purchase orders, together with the exact grade, dimensions, delivery condition and testing requirements.

Conclusion

ISO 9329-3 covers seamless circular steel tubes for pressure purposes where specified low-temperature toughness is required. The standard includes unalloyed grades such as PL 21, PL 23, PL 25 and PL 26, together with alloy grades including 26 CrMo 4, 11 MnNi 5-3, 13 MnNi 6-3, 12 Ni 14, X 12 Ni 5 and X 10 Ni 9.

The specification controls chemical composition, tensile properties, yield or proof stress, elongation, low-temperature Charpy impact properties, heat treatment, dimensional requirements and inspection procedures. The seamless tubes can be supplied hot-finished or cold-finished and are heat treated according to the requirements of the selected grade.

Ladhani Metal Corporation supplies ISO 9329-3 seamless steel tubes in required low-temperature carbon steel and alloy steel grades, dimensions, heat-treatment conditions and surface finishes.

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