FOR REQUIREMENT OF THIS GRADE OR FOR DETAIL CONTACT US AT :-
LADHANI METAL CORPORATION, MUMBAI, INDIA
Introduction
ASTM A108 is
a widely recognized American standard specification covering cold-finished
carbon steel bars used in mechanical and engineering applications. The standard
defines requirements for chemical composition (by grade), mechanical
properties, manufacturing process, dimensional tolerances, surface finish,
inspection, and certification.
Ladhani
Metal Corporation is a manufacturer, supplier, and stockist of ASTM A108 bars,
offering a wide range of grades and sizes to meet diverse industrial
requirements. With a focus on quality control, precision finishing, and timely
delivery, the company supplies cold-finished carbon steel bars suitable for
machining, automotive, and structural applications.
ASTM A108
bars are preferred where tighter dimensional tolerances, improved surface
finish, enhanced machinability, and higher mechanical strength are required
compared to hot-rolled bars.
Scope of ASTM A108
ASTM A108
applies to cold-finished carbon steel bars produced from hot-rolled steel that
undergo further processing to improve dimensional accuracy and surface quality.
The
specification covers:
Round bars
Square bars
Hexagonal bars
Flat bars
Special shapes
It includes
both standard carbon grades and free-cutting grades intended for improved
machinability.
Available Forms & Finishes
ASTM A108 bars are supplied in:
·
Straight lengths
cut to order
·
Coiled cold-finished bar
stock
·
Turned, ground, or
polished bars for tight tolerance applications
Cold finishing improves surface integrity and
dimensional control compared with hot-rolled stock. Specifying finish (e.g.,
turned & ground) and tolerance bands on the PO ensures consistency with
design requirements.
Fabrication & Machining
·
Machinability:
Leaded grades (1117, 1144, 12L14) improve chip control and increase feed rates.
·
Heat Treatment:
Medium carbon grades (1045) respond well to normalization, quench & temper,
and case hardening.
·
Welding:
Generally weldable, but high carbon levels reduce weldability. Preheat,
interpass control, and post-weld treatments may be required for heavier
sections.
How to Specify ASTM A108 Material
A clear material specification avoids errors
and supply issues. Include the following on purchase orders:
·
ASTM designation &
edition year (e.g., ASTM A108-24)
·
Grade
(e.g., A108 Grade 1045)
·
Condition & finish
(turned, ground, polished)
·
Heat treatment
(as required)
·
Dimensions, tolerance
bands, and quantity
· Inspection & certification
Manufacturing Process
Cold-finished
bars under ASTM A108 are produced using processes such as:
Cold drawing
Cold rolling
Turning and polishing
Centerless grinding
These
processes:
Enhance
dimensional accuracy
Improve straightness
Provide a smooth, scale-free surface
Increase tensile and yield strength due to strain hardening
Improve overall machinability
Chemical Composition – Open-Hearth, Basic-Oxygen, and
Electric-Furnace Grades
|
Grade |
Carbon
(%) |
Manganese
(%) |
Phosphorus
(%) |
Sulfur (%) |
|
|
1008 |
0.10 max |
0.30–0.50 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1010 |
0.08–0.13 |
0.30–0.60 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1015 |
0.13–0.18 |
0.30–0.60 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1016 |
0.13–0.18 |
0.60–0.90 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1018 |
0.15–0.20 |
0.60–0.90 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1020 |
0.18–0.23 |
0.30–0.60 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1022 |
0.18–0.23 |
0.70–1.00 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1025 |
0.22–0.28 |
0.30–0.60 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1030 |
0.28–0.34 |
0.60–0.90 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1035 |
0.32–0.38 |
0.60–0.90 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1040 |
0.37–0.44 |
0.60–0.90 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1045 |
0.43–0.50 |
0.60–0.90 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1050 |
0.48–0.55 |
0.60–0.90 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
|
|
1095 |
0.90–1.03 |
0.30–0.50 |
0.040 max |
0.050 max |
Chemical
Composition – Free Cutting Grades
|
Grade |
Carbon (%) |
Manganese (%) |
Phosphorus (%) |
Sulfur (%) |
|
|
1117 |
0.14–0.20 |
1.00–1.30 |
0.040 max |
0.08–0.13 |
|
|
1118 |
0.14–0.20 |
1.30–1.60 |
0.040 max |
0.08–0.13 |
|
|
1137 |
0.32–0.39 |
1.35–1.65 |
0.040 max |
0.08–0.13 |
|
|
1141 |
0.37–0.45 |
1.35–1.65 |
0.040 max |
0.08–0.13 |
|
|
1144 |
0.40–0.48 |
1.35–1.65 |
0.040 max |
0.08–0.13 |
|
|
1151 |
0.48–0.55 |
0.70–1.00 |
0.040 max |
0.24–0.33 |
|
|
1211 |
0.13 max |
0.60–0.90 |
0.07–0.12 |
0.10–0.15 |
|
|
1212 |
0.13 max |
0.70–1.00 |
0.07–0.12 |
0.16–0.23 |
|
|
1213 |
0.13 max |
0.70–1.00 |
0.07–0.12 |
0.24–0.33 |
|
|
12L14 |
0.15 max |
0.85–1.15 |
0.04–0.09 |
0.26–0.35 |
|
|
1215 |
0.09 max |
0.75–1.05 |
0.04–0.09 |
0.26–0.35 |
Notes:
Grade
designations correspond to AISI designations.
Phosphorus and sulfur values are maximum unless shown as a range.
12L14 contains lead (Pb 0.15–0.35% typical, when specified).
Grades 1211, 1212, 1213, 12L14, and 1215 are not supplied with specified
silicon content.
Mechanical
Properties (Typical Cold-Finished Condition)
|
Grade |
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
Yield Strength (MPa) |
Elongation (%) |
Hardness (HB) |
|
1008 |
365–440 |
305–380 |
15–25 |
95–120 |
|
1018 |
440–540 |
370–440 |
15–20 |
120–150 |
|
1020 |
450–550 |
380–450 |
15–20 |
120–160 |
|
1045 |
570–700 |
450–580 |
10–16 |
170–210 |
|
1050 |
620–760 |
480–620 |
8–14 |
180–220 |
|
1117 |
520–620 |
415–520 |
10–15 |
150–190 |
|
1144 |
690–860 |
585–725 |
8–12 |
190–255 |
|
1215 |
480–620 |
415–540 |
10–15 |
135–185 |
|
12L14 |
540–690 |
415–540 |
10–15 |
150–200 |
Values may
vary depending on size and finishing process.
Form of
Supply
ASTM A108
bars are supplied in:
Round bars
Square bars
Hexagonal bars
Flat bars
Custom profiles
Supply
finishes include:
Cold drawn
Cold rolled
Turned and polished
Centerless ground
Annealed (if specified)
Stress relieved
Bars are
supplied in straight lengths, cut-to-size pieces, and bundled packaging as per
customer requirement.
Applications
ASTM A108
cold-finished bars are used in:
·
Shafts, pins and axles
·
Fasteners, screws, and washers
·
Automotive components
·
Machine tool components
·
Agricultural and heavy equipment parts
Free-cutting
grades such as 1215 and 12L14 are especially suitable for high-speed machining
operations due to superior chip control and surface finish.
Conclusion
ASTM A108
cold-finished carbon steel bars provide superior dimensional accuracy, enhanced
mechanical properties, and excellent machinability. With a comprehensive range
of grades and supply forms, these bars are widely used across automotive,
engineering, and industrial sectors. As a manufacturer, supplier, and stockist,
Ladhani Metal Corporation delivers ASTM A108 bars that meet stringent quality
standards and diverse application requirements.
FOR REQUIREMENT OF THIS GRADE OR FOR DETAIL CONTACT US AT :-
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