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'uniform wall thickness'

Items tagged with 'uniform wall thickness'

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Gr2 Titanium Welded Tube

Product name: Gr2 Titanium welded Tube Standard:ASTM B338 Material: GR1 GR2 GR7 GR12 Diameter:10-914mm Wall thickness:0.5-10mm Length:Max 16000mm Surface:Pickling surface/Polished Type:Seamless, welded Application:Heat Exchanger, chemical industry etc. Technique:Rolled Gr2 Titanium welded Tube Titanium welded pipe is produced by automatic continuous production line, using titanium strip coil with uniform wall thickness through cold bending forming, welding, online heat treatment, sizing straightening, non-destructive testing and air tightness test and other procedures. From sponge titanium to welded pipe, the material utilization rate is usually about 80%, if the titanium strip coil as the raw material, its material utilization rate is more than 95%. With the rapid development of titanium industry and mature welding technology, the titanium tube welding will also greatly enhance production efficiency, quality stability, consistency, and the production efficiency will be higher, can according to customer request length cut into the required length, short delivery time, high material utilization, cost per unit is seamless tube will be lower. Product name: Gr2 Titanium welded Tube Standard:ASTM B338 ASTMB 862 Material: GR1 GR2 GR7 GR12 Diameter:10-914mm Wall thickness:0.5-10mm Length:Max 16000mm Surface:Pickling surface/Polished Type:Seamless, welded Application:Heat Exchanger, chemical industry etc. Technique:Rolled MOQ:100kgs Titanium welded pipe production process: titanium with open book - shearing butt - looping the loading - titanium belt cleaning - type pipe forming and welding to eddy current flaw detection, the predetermined diameter - online annealing - pure sizing/straightening to eddy current flaw detection, laser caliper - online printing - scale cutting and ultrasonic testing to fine scale/flat head, air tightness test to the finished product inspection, packaging warehousing.

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Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head

Product name:Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR1, GR2, GR7, GR12 Size: Customized Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head Hemispherical head refers to the head composed of half spherical shell and straight edge (cylindrical short joint). The radius of curvature of the spherical shell is equal everywhere and the force is uniform. Compared with other heads, hemispherical heads require the smallest wall thickness under the same internal pressure. At the connection between the spherical shell and the cylinder with the same thickness, the edge stress caused by the change of curvature radius is only 3.1% of the overall membrane stress of the cylinder, which can be ignored. Therefore, the mechanical properties of hemispherical head are the best and the materials used are the most economical. Product name:Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR12 Size: Customized MOQ:1PC Spherical head, also known as spherical crown head, is a head formed by the spherical crown part of the spherical shell, including hemispherical head and non folded spherical head. The spherical head has excellent forging, smooth surface, acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, beautiful appearance and strong texture performance. The applicable medium of spherical head is gas, liquid and steam. Spherical heads are used in petroleum, electronics, chemical industry, medicine, textile, food, machinery, construction, nuclear power, aerospace, military and other industries. Precautions for use of spherical head: 1. Carbon steel spherical head will crack in nitrate, ammonia, alkaline sodium and other environments. Explain to eliminate residual stress when ordering head. 2. Stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel will occur in the specific environment with chloride ions. Select appropriate materials when designing spherical head. 3. For carbon steel vessels requiring hot galvanizing or aluminizing, heat treatment shall be carried out first to remove residual stress Titanium grade 12 pipe (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) Chemical compositions(weight%,<=) Mo Ni Fe C N 0.2-0.4 0.6-0.9 0.30 0.08 0.03 H O Ti Others Total 0.015 0.25 Remainder 0.10 0.40 Physical properties(>=) Σb Tensile Strength (Mpa) σr0.2 Yield Strength (Mpa) δL0+50mm Elongation (%) ψ Reduction of area (%) 440 345 18

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Gr2 Titanium Welded Tubeq

Product name: Gr2 Titanium welded Tube Standard:ASTM B338 Material: GR1 GR2 GR7 GR12 Diameter:10-914mm Wall thickness:0.5-10mm Length:Max 16000mm Surface:Pickling surface/Polished Type:Seamless, welded Application:Heat Exchanger, chemical industry etc. Technique:Rolled Gr2 Titanium welded Tube Titanium welded pipe is produced by automatic continuous production line, using titanium strip coil with uniform wall thickness through cold bending forming, welding, online heat treatment, sizing straightening, non-destructive testing and air tightness test and other procedures. From sponge titanium to welded pipe, the material utilization rate is usually about 80%, if the titanium strip coil as the raw material, its material utilization rate is more than 95%. With the rapid development of titanium industry and mature welding technology, the titanium tube welding will also greatly enhance production efficiency, quality stability, consistency, and the production efficiency will be higher, can according to customer request length cut into the required length, short delivery time, high material utilization, cost per unit is seamless tube will be lower. Product name: Gr2 Titanium welded Tube Standard:ASTM B338 ASTMB 862 Material: GR1 GR2 GR7 GR12 Diameter:10-914mm Wall thickness:0.5-10mm Length:Max 16000mm Surface:Pickling surface/Polished Type:Seamless, welded Application:Heat Exchanger, chemical industry etc. Technique:Rolled MOQ:100kgs Titanium welded pipe production process: titanium with open book - shearing butt - looping the loading - titanium belt cleaning - type pipe forming and welding to eddy current flaw detection, the predetermined diameter - online annealing - pure sizing/straightening to eddy current flaw detection, laser caliper - online printing - scale cutting and ultrasonic testing to fine scale/flat head, air tightness test to the finished product inspection, packaging warehousing.

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Gr2 Titanium Hemispherical Head

Product name:Gr2 Titanium Hemispherical Head Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR1, GR2, GR7, GR12 Size: Customized Gr2 Titanium Hemispherical Head Hemispherical Head is an indispensable and important part of pressure vessel equipment in petrochemical, atomic energy, food and pharmaceutical industries. Diameter: 250mm-3000mm Thickness: 2mm-20mm Height: 30mm --- 50mm Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR1, GR2, GR7, GR12 Generally, molding and spinning are used for processing. The bottom flatness of molded flat bottom head is high, the blanking size is large and the cost is high, which is suitable for equipment with high requirements; With the spinning process, the flat bottom of the produced flat bottom head is slightly worse, the blanking size is smaller, and the cost is lower, but it does not affect the use of general equipment. The characteristics of spinning head are: a large workpiece can be formed with a small deformation force; The use of equipment is relatively simple, small and medium-sized sheet metal parts can be spun by ordinary lathe; The mold is simple, only one core mold is needed, and the material requirements are low. Chemical composition (Wt%) ASTM No. Fe max O max N max C max H max Pd Al Bal Grade 2 0.3 0.25 0.03 0.1 0.015 - - Ti Physical Properties (Min) ASTM Grade Alloy Composition Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elongation min % ksi Mpa ksi Mpa Chemical composition (Wt%) ASTM No. Fe max O max N max C max H max Pd Al Bal Grade 2 0.3 0.25 0.03 0.1 0.015 - - Ti Physical Properties (Min) ASTM Grade Alloy Composition Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elongation min % ksi Mpa ksi Mpa

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U Type Half Round Tube Shield

Half Round Tube Shield Half Round Tube Shields by Ladhani Metal Corporation are precision-engineered protective components designed to safeguard boiler and heat exchanger tubes from thermal fatigue, oxidation, and mechanical erosion. These shields improve system reliability and extend tube service life in harsh industrial environments. The half-round form enables simple installation and effective protection of exposed tube surfaces. SS 310 U Type Half Round Tube Shield The SS 310 U Type Half Round Tube Shield is a high-temperature protective sleeve designed to cover U-bend and straight sections of tubes in boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers. Made from stainless steel grade 310, it offers outstanding resistance to oxidation, carburization, and thermal stress at elevated temperatures. The U-type design ensures complete protection of return bends, where tube degradation is most common. Available in both inner and outer U configurations, these shields are custom-bent to match tube radius and diameter. • Outer U Type Half Round Tube Shield – Protects the external arc of the U-bend from radiant heat, slag buildup, and erosion. • Inner U Type Half Round Tube Shield – Shields the internal curve of the bend from gas turbulence, scaling, and corrosion. Ladhani Metal Corporation is a leading manufacturer and exporter of SS 310 U Type Half Round Tube Shields, offering durable and tailored solutions for global heat transfer systems. Chemical Composition of SS 310 – High Temperature Austenitic Stainless Steel • Carbon (C): ≤ 0.25% • Manganese (Mn): ≤ 2.00% • Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.045% • Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.030% • Silicon (Si): ≤ 1.50% • Chromium (Cr): 24.0 – 26.0% • Nickel (Ni): 19.0 – 22.0% • Iron (Fe): Balance Applications: Preferred in high-temperature operations where oxidation resistance, heat stability, and carburization resistance are essential. Uses • U-bend protection in superheater and reheater coils • Shielding curved tubes in furnace coils and process heat exchangers • Prevention of high-temperature erosion in WHRB and HRSG systems • Surface protection in reformers and chemical reactors • Safeguarding heat transfer tubes in incinerators and kilns Features • Made from high-quality SS 310, the shield offers superior resistance to oxidation, scaling, and high-temperature corrosion, making it suitable for continuous exposure up to 1100°C. • The inner and outer U-type configurations provide complete protection for both sides of curved tube bends, ensuring uniform shielding in the most erosion-prone areas. • Precision-formed to match the tube’s bend radius and diameter, ensuring a tight, vibration-free fit that enhances durability and minimizes tube wall exposure. • Retains mechanical strength and dimensional stability under cyclic thermal loading, preventing deformation, cracking, or failure in high-heat environments. • Offered in various finishes such as pickled, passivated, or bright annealed to suit different service conditions and enhance surface corrosion resistance. • Easily installed using welding, clamping, or banding methods without requiring tube removal, enabling quick field installation and minimal system downtime. • Fully customizable in terms of thickness, length, and radius, allowing seamless integration with existing boiler, furnace, or heat exchanger systems. Applications • thermal power plants – Protects U-bend coils in superheaters and reheaters. Resists scale formation and creep at high flue gas temperatures. • petrochemical refineries – Shields curved exchanger tubes in reformers and heaters. Maintains integrity under carburizing and oxidizing atmospheres. • waste heat recovery systems (WHRBs) – Guards return bends against ash and slag attack. Enhances tube durability in high-flow, abrasive environments. • chemical and fertilizer plants – Used in U-tube reactors and ammonia converters. Prevents corrosion and surface damage under cyclic thermal loads. • HRSGs and boilers – Applied to curved tube sections in heat recovery units. Ensures stability under rapid heating and cooling cycles. Conclusion The SS 310 U Type Half Round Tube Shield by Ladhani Metal Corporation offers superior protection for curved tube sections operating in high-temperature and corrosive service conditions. Its exceptional resistance to oxidation and carburization makes it ideal for thermal, chemical, and energy-intensive industries. Manufactured with precision, these shields are available in custom sizes and finishes, ensuring a tight fit and long-term durability. For reliable and cost-effective tube protection, Ladhani Metal Corporation provides trusted solutions tailored to your operational demands. For design assistance, material selection, or quotation inquiries, please contact Ladhani Metal Corporation.

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Half Round Tube Shield

Half Round Tube Shield Half Round Tube Shields by Ladhani Metal Corporation are robust, precision-fabricated protective sleeves designed to guard the outer surfaces of tubes in boilers, heat exchangers, incinerators, and high-temperature processing equipment. Engineered to extend the service life of tubes exposed to corrosive gases, abrasive particulates, and elevated temperatures, these shields provide a reliable barrier against mechanical and chemical degradation. The half-round design facilitates easy installation while ensuring a secure, form-fitting layer of defense. 1Cr13 Half Round Tube Shield The 1Cr13 Half Round Tube Shield is a semi-cylindrical component manufactured from martensitic stainless steel containing approximately 13% chromium. Classified under the 1Cr13 grade, this alloy delivers good corrosion resistance, excellent wear performance, and moderate strength at elevated temperatures. It is especially suited for thermal environments that are not extremely oxidizing or carburizing but where erosion and mechanical wear are a concern. With a higher hardness potential through heat treatment and moderate thermal resistance, 1Cr13 shields are ideal for applications involving flue gas exposure, soot-laden atmospheres, and temperature cycling. The shield’s half-round configuration is precision-engineered for optimal tube coverage and long-term durability. It offers a balance of strength, corrosion resistance, and cost-effectiveness, making it suitable for a wide range of industrial processes. Chemical Composition of 1Cr13 – Martensitic Stainless Steel • Carbon (C): 0.15 – 0.20% • Silicon (Si): ≤ 1.00% • Manganese (Mn): ≤ 1.00% • Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.035% • Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.030% • Chromium (Cr): 12.0 – 14.0% • Nickel (Ni): ≤ 0.60% • Iron (Fe): Balance Uses • Boiler Tube Protection – Shields tube surfaces from flue gas erosion, ash particle abrasion, and soot buildup in economizers and waterwalls. • Heat Exchanger Tubes – Provides an extra layer of wear resistance in zones prone to mechanical stress and fluid turbulence. • Incinerator and Waste Heat Units – Guards tubes exposed to fluctuating temperatures, slag, and particulate deposits. • Cement Plant Piping – Protects tubing and ducts in kiln exhaust systems from abrasive dust and high flow velocity. • Air Preheaters and Recuperators – Enhances the durability of components subjected to temperature variations and corrosive gases. Features • Moderate Oxidation Resistance – Chromium content enables good performance in mildly oxidizing environments and intermittent exposure to high temperatures. • Wear and Abrasion Resistance – Martensitic structure offers high surface hardness and resistance to mechanical wear. • Heat Treatable – Can be hardened to increase durability and resistance to deformation. • Cost-Effective – Provides a lower-cost alternative to austenitic and superalloy shields for moderate service conditions. • High Dimensional Accuracy – Manufactured with tight tolerances to ensure secure fitment and uniform tube coverage. • Convenient Installation – Half-round shape enables quick mounting through welding or clamping techniques. • Versatile Finishing Options – Supplied with pickled or mechanically polished surfaces to improve corrosion resistance and adhesion. Applications • Power Generation – Used in economizer, preheater, and convection sections of boilers to prevent erosion and fouling. • Chemical and Fertilizer Plants – Protects exposed tube surfaces in systems with moderate chemical exposure. • Metallurgical Furnaces – Shields mechanical and flue components exposed to particulate movement and temperature cycling. • Pulp and Paper Industry – Used in recovery boilers and heat exchangers where corrosion resistance and mechanical strength are both required. • Petrochemical Plants – Applied in lower-temperature zones where scaling and erosion are primary concerns. Conclusion The 1Cr13 Half Round Tube Shield by Ladhani Metal Corporation provides an optimal solution for industrial tube protection in moderate temperature and corrosion environments. Its martensitic stainless steel composition ensures excellent wear resistance, good oxidation stability, and structural strength at a competitive cost. Designed for easy installation and reliable performance, these shields are ideal for various applications in power, process, and heat recovery systems. Custom-built to meet specific dimensions, material thicknesses, and finishing preferences, 1Cr13 tube shields offer dependable service life extension for critical heat transfer equipment. For technical specifications, pricing, or customization inquiries, please contact Ladhani Metal Corporation.

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Gr2 Titanium Welded Tube

Product name: Gr2 Titanium welded Tube Standard:ASTM B338 Material: GR1 GR2 GR7 GR12 Diameter:10-914mm Wall thickness:0.5-10mm Length:Max 16000mm Surface:Pickling surface/Polished Type:Seamless, welded Application:Heat Exchanger, chemical industry etc. Technique:Rolled Gr2 Titanium welded Tube Titanium welded pipe is produced by automatic continuous production line, using titanium strip coil with uniform wall thickness through cold bending forming, welding, online heat treatment, sizing straightening, non-destructive testing and air tightness test and other procedures. From sponge titanium to welded pipe, the material utilization rate is usually about 80%, if the titanium strip coil as the raw material, its material utilization rate is more than 95%. With the rapid development of titanium industry and mature welding technology, the titanium tube welding will also greatly enhance production efficiency, quality stability, consistency, and the production efficiency will be higher, can according to customer request length cut into the required length, short delivery time, high material utilization, cost per unit is seamless tube will be lower. Product name: Gr2 Titanium welded Tube Standard:ASTM B338 ASTMB 862 Material: GR1 GR2 GR7 GR12 Diameter:10-914mm Wall thickness:0.5-10mm Length:Max 16000mm Surface:Pickling surface/Polished Type:Seamless, welded Application:Heat Exchanger, chemical industry etc. Technique:Rolled MOQ:100kgs Titanium welded pipe production process: titanium with open book - shearing butt - looping the loading - titanium belt cleaning - type pipe forming and welding to eddy current flaw detection, the predetermined diameter - online annealing - pure sizing/straightening to eddy current flaw detection, laser caliper - online printing - scale cutting and ultrasonic testing to fine scale/flat head, air tightness test to the finished product inspection, packaging warehousing.

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Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head

Product name:Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR1, GR2, GR7, GR12 Size: Customized Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head Hemispherical head refers to the head composed of half spherical shell and straight edge (cylindrical short joint). The radius of curvature of the spherical shell is equal everywhere and the force is uniform. Compared with other heads, hemispherical heads require the smallest wall thickness under the same internal pressure. At the connection between the spherical shell and the cylinder with the same thickness, the edge stress caused by the change of curvature radius is only 3.1% of the overall membrane stress of the cylinder, which can be ignored. Therefore, the mechanical properties of hemispherical head are the best and the materials used are the most economical. Product name:Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR12 Size: Customized MOQ:1PC Spherical head, also known as spherical crown head, is a head formed by the spherical crown part of the spherical shell, including hemispherical head and non folded spherical head. The spherical head has excellent forging, smooth surface, acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, beautiful appearance and strong texture performance. The applicable medium of spherical head is gas, liquid and steam. Spherical heads are used in petroleum, electronics, chemical industry, medicine, textile, food, machinery, construction, nuclear power, aerospace, military and other industries. Precautions for use of spherical head: 1. Carbon steel spherical head will crack in nitrate, ammonia, alkaline sodium and other environments. Explain to eliminate residual stress when ordering head. 2. Stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel will occur in the specific environment with chloride ions. Select appropriate materials when designing spherical head. 3. For carbon steel vessels requiring hot galvanizing or aluminizing, heat treatment shall be carried out first to remove residual stress Titanium grade 12 pipe (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) Chemical compositions(weight%,<=) Mo Ni Fe C N 0.2-0.4 0.6-0.9 0.30 0.08 0.03 H O Ti Others Total 0.015 0.25 Remainder 0.10 0.40 Physical properties(>=) Σb Tensile Strength (Mpa) σr0.2 Yield Strength (Mpa) δL0+50mm Elongation (%) ψ Reduction of area (%) 440 345 18

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COLD ROLLED SHEET

WE LADHANI METAL CORPORATION ARE THE EXPORTER OF EN 10152 DC07 SHEET, PLATE AND COIL QUALITY- DC07 STANDARD- DIN EN 10152 MATERIAL NO.- 1.0898 Super deep drawing grade DC07 according to DIN EN 10152 The DIN EN 10152 standard specifies electrolytically galvanized, cold-rolled steel flat products for cold forming, including the super deep-drawing grade DC07. This standard defines the requirements for the zinc coating and the basic mechanical properties of the base material. DC07, when electrolytically galvanized in accordance with DIN EN 10152, is given an additional corrosion protection layer of zinc. This layer protects the material from oxidative influences and significantly increases the service life of the components made from it. The zinc coating can be applied in various thicknesses, depending on the specific requirements of the application. Typical coating thicknesses range from 5 to 20 µm. The chemical composition and mechanical properties of the base material DC07 remain unchanged after galvanizing and meet the requirements of DIN EN 10130. DC07 therefore retains its exceptional cold formability and mechanical performance. The yield strength, tensile strength and elongation at break also remain in the same range as for non-galvanized DC07. In addition to mechanical performance, the quality of the zinc coating is of central importance. The DIN EN 10152 standard specifies the requirements for the uniformity of the coating, the adhesive strength of the zinc and the surface quality. These requirements ensure that the galvanized products offer high corrosion resistance and an aesthetically pleasing surface. The use of DC07 in accordance with DIN EN 10152 is widespread in the automotive industry, the construction industry and in the manufacture of household appliances, where improved corrosion resistance is required in addition to high formability. Electrolytic galvanizing offers optimum protection here without impairing the excellent mechanical properties of the base material. AVAILABLE AT FOLLOWING LOCATION :- Mumbai,Delhi,Bangalore,Hyderabad,Ahmedabad,Chennai,Kolkata,SuraT,Pune,Jaipur,Lucknow,Kanpur,Nagpur,Indore,Thane,Bhopal,Visakhapatnam,Patna,Vadodara,Ghaziabad,Ludhiana, Agra,Nashik,Faridabad,Meerut,Rajkot,Kalyan,Vasai,Varanasi,Srinagar,Aurangabad,Dhanbad,Amritsar,Allahabad,Ranchi,Haora,Coimbatore,Jabalpur,Gwalior,Vijayawada,Jodhpur,Madurai,Raipur,Kota,Guwahati,Chandigarh,Solapur,Hubli,Bareilly,Moradabad,Gurgaon,Aligarh,Jalandhar,Tiruchirappalli,Bhubaneswar ,Thiruvananthapuram,Bhiwandi,Saharanpur,Gorakhpur, Guntur,Bikaner,Amravati,Noida,Jamshedpur,Bhilai,Warangal,Cuttack,Firozabad,Kochi,Bhavnagar,Dehradun,Durgapur,Asansol,Nanded,Kolapur,Ajmer,Gulbarga,Jamnagar,Ujjain,Loni,Siliguri,Jhansi,Ulhasnagar,Nellore,Jammu,Sangli,Belgaum,Mangalore, Ambattur,Tirunelveli,Malegoan,Gaya,Jalgaon,Udaipur WE EXPORT TO FOLLOWING COUTRIES Switzerland , Afghanistan , Albania , Algeria , Angola , AntiguaandBarbuda , Argentina , Armenia , Aruba , Australia , Austria , Azerbaijan , Bahrain , Bangladesh , Barbados , Belarus , Belgium , Belize , Benin , Bhutan , Bolivia , BosniaandHerzegovina , Botswana , Brazil , Brunei , Bulgaria , BurkinaFaso , Burundi , CaboVerde , Cambodia , Cameroon , Canada , CentralAfricanRepublic , Chad , Chile , China , Colombia , Comoros , Congo , CostaRica , Côted'Ivoire , Croatia , Cyprus , CzechRepublic , Denmark , Djibouti , Dominica , DominicanRepublic , Ecuador , Egypt , ElSalvador , EquatorialGuinea , Eritrea , Eswatini , Ethiopia , Fiji , Finland , France , Gabon , Georgia , Germany , Ghana , Greece , Grenada , Guatemala , Guinea , Guinea-Bissau , Guyana , Haiti , Honduras , HongKong , Hungary , Iceland , Indonesia , Iran , Iraq , Ireland , Israel , Italy , Jamaica , Japan , Jordan , Kazakhstan , Kenya , Kiribati , Kosovo , Kuwait , Kyrgyzstan , Laos , Latvia , Lebanon , Lesotho , Liberia , Libya , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Macau , Madagascar , Malawi , Malaysia , Maldives , Mali , Malta , MarshallIslands , Mauritania , Mauritius , Mexico , Micronesia,FederatedStatesof , Moldova , Mongolia , Montenegro , Morocco , Mozambique , Myanmar , Namibia , Nauru , Netherlands , NewZealand , Nicaragua , Niger , Nigeria , NorthMacedonia , Norway , Oman , Palau , Panama , PapuaNewGuinea , Paraguay , Peru , Philippines , Poland , Portugal , PuertoRico , Qatar , Romania , Russia , Rwanda , SaintKittsandNevis , SaintLucia , SaintVincentandtheGrenadines , Samoa , SanMarino , SãoToméandPríncipe , SaudiArabia , Senegal , Serbia , Seychelles , SierraLeone , Singapore , Slovakia , Slovenia , SolomonIslands , SouthAfrica , SouthKorea , SouthSudan , Spain , SriLanka , Sudan , Suriname , Sweden , Taiwan , Tajikistan , Tanzania , Thailand , TheBahamas , TheGambia , Timor-Leste , Togo , Tonga , TrinidadandTobago , Tunisia , Turkey , Turkmenistan , Tuvalu , Uganda , Ukraine , UnitedArabEmirates , UnitedKingdom , UnitedStates , Uruguay , Uzbekistan , Vanuatu , Venezuela , Vietnam , Yemen , Zambia , Zimbabwe

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