Half Round Tube Shield Half Round Tube Shields from Ladhani Metal Corporation are durable, precisely fabricated components used to protect boiler tubes from erosion, scaling, and corrosion caused by flue gas flow and particulate impact. Their half-round, semi-cylindrical structure is designed to conform closely to tube surfaces, especially in areas subjected to repeated thermal cycling or mechanical wear. These shields are extensively applied in boilers, heat exchangers, and waste heat recovery systems. 1Cr25Ni20Si2 Half Round Tube Shield for LTSH Tube The 1Cr25Ni20Si2 Half Round Tube Shield is manufactured from a high-performance chromium-nickel-silicon alloy designed for elevated-temperature service. With approximately 25% chromium, 20% nickel, and added silicon content, this alloy exhibits superior resistance to oxidation, thermal fatigue, and carburization. Its mechanical stability under high-temperature operation makes it a preferred material for protective applications in Low Temperature Superheater (LTSH) zones. The Low Temperature Superheater (LTSH) is a section in a boiler where saturated steam from the steam drum is superheated to a moderately higher temperature before entering the high-temperature superheater stages. Positioned in areas with relatively lower flue gas temperatures, the LTSH helps improve thermal efficiency and reduces moisture content in steam. Due to constant exposure to abrasive flue gases and ash, LTSH tubes are prone to wear and require protective shielding, such as half round tube shields, to extend service life. Ladhani Metal Corporation is a trusted manufacturer, supplier, and exporter of 1Cr25Ni20Si2 Half Round Tube Shields, offering high-performance shielding solutions tailored for harsh, heat-intensive industrial environments. Chemical Composition of 1Cr25Ni20Si2 – Chromium-Nickel-Silicon Heat-Resistant Steel • Carbon (C): ≤ 0.10% • Manganese (Mn): ≤ 2.00% • Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.035% • Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.030% • Silicon (Si): 1.5 – 2.5% • Chromium (Cr): 24.0 – 27.0% • Nickel (Ni): 19.0 – 22.0% • Iron (Fe): Balance Applications: Suitable for high-temperature steam systems, where resistance to flue gas corrosion, thermal oxidation, and mechanical fatigue is essential. Uses • Protects LTSH tubes in thermal power plants from scaling and soot-induced wear • Shields heat exchanger tubes from low-temperature corrosive gases and ash deposition • Used in boilers and HRSGs exposed to fluctuating temperature and combustion by-products • Suitable for high-wear areas in biomass boilers and incineration systems • Enhances operational life of reheater and superheater coil sections Features • High thermal stability – Withstands temperature fluctuations without structural deformation • Excellent oxidation and carburization resistance – Ideal for extended high-temperature exposure • Custom fit – Designed according to specific tube radii and coil geometries for accurate alignment • Reduced maintenance – Shields tubes from damage, minimizing downtime and repair costs • Versatile installation – Compatible with weld-on, clamp-on, and banding installation techniques • Long service life – Resistant to scaling and degradation in heat-intensive environments Applications • power generation boilers – Provides long-term protection for LTSH coils in flue gas zones • WHRBs and HRSGs – Used in low-temperature convection sections to counteract erosive gas flow • chemical and refining industries – Prevents corrosion in heat exchangers handling acidic media • marine steam systems – Protects low-temperature sections exposed to salt-laden air and gases • waste-to-energy plants – Shields boiler tubing from high-volume particulate streams Conclusion The 1Cr25Ni20Si2 Half Round Tube Shield for LTSH Tube by Ladhani Metal Corporation – manufacturer, supplier, and exporter – is a high-performance component designed for superior protection of boiler tubes in corrosive and thermally aggressive environments. It ensures durability, thermal resistance, and long-term reliability in LTSH and similar service applications. For specifications, custom fabrication, or bulk orders, contact Ladhani Metal Corporation.

DIN 2545 duplex flanges are designed to provide exceptional strength and corrosion resistance in demanding industrial applications. Ladhani Metal Corporation offers these high-quality flanges made from duplex stainless steel, which combines the best features of both austenitic and ferritic structures. This unique material provides superior resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking, making it ideal for use in harsh environments. With a pressure rating of PN 40, these flanges are capable of handling pressures up to 40 bar, ensuring safe and reliable performance in industries such as chemical processing, oil and gas, marine, and offshore platforms. Types of DIN 2545 Duplex Flanges: Flat Face Flanges (FF) – These flanges have a flat surface that facilitates a uniform distribution of the sealing force, making them ideal for low-pressure applications or systems where a secure seal is essential. Raised Face Flanges (RF) – Featuring a raised face around the bolt holes, these flanges provide a higher sealing pressure, ensuring a more reliable seal, especially in higher-pressure environments. Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flanges – Designed with a groove for a metal sealing ring, these flanges are suitable for use in applications requiring high pressure and high temperature resistance. Grades and Chemical Composition: -Duplex 2205 (UNS S32205) Chemical Composition: Cr: 22%, Ni: 5-6%, Mo: 3%, N: 0.14-0.2%, Fe: balance Duplex 2205 is the most common duplex stainless steel grade. It offers excellent corrosion resistance in chloride environments, making it suitable for applications like seawater, chemical, and petrochemical processing. The combination of austenitic and ferritic phases gives Duplex 2205 higher strength compared to austenitic stainless steels, along with improved resistance to pitting and stress corrosion cracking. Super Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750) Chemical Composition: Cr: 25%, Ni: 7%, Mo: 4%, N: 0.27%, Fe: balance Super Duplex 2507 is a higher alloy version of Duplex 2205, offering superior resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking, pitting, and crevice corrosion. It is used in more aggressive environments, such as offshore oil and gas applications, where the material must withstand high pressures and corrosive conditions. Its higher molybdenum and nitrogen content enhances its performance in severe environments. PN 40 Pressure Rating: The "PN" in DIN 2545 refers to the pressure rating, and PN 40 indicates that the flange is designed to handle pressures up to 40 bar. This ensures that the flange is robust and reliable under high-pressure conditions, maintaining secure and leak-proof connections in critical applications. Applications: Oil and Gas Industry: These flanges are widely used in offshore and onshore pipelines, pressure vessels, and other critical infrastructure in oil and gas exploration, extraction, and transportation. Chemical and Petrochemical Industry: Due to their excellent resistance to corrosion, especially in acidic or chloride-rich environments, they are ideal for use in reactors, heat exchangers, and pipelines handling chemicals and petrochemicals. Marine and Offshore Applications: Duplex flanges are highly resistant to seawater corrosion, making them ideal for use in marine environments, such as shipbuilding, offshore rigs, and seawater cooling systems. Water Treatment Plants: These flanges are used in systems that handle aggressive water environments, ensuring durability and long service life in water and wastewater treatment applications. Power Generation: In power plants, these flanges are used in steam lines, cooling systems, and heat exchangers, where strength, corrosion resistance, and high-pressure capabilities are critical. Pharmaceutical Industry: These flanges are used in systems requiring sanitary conditions and resistance to aggressive cleaning solutions, such as in the transportation of chemicals or in reaction vessels. Key Benefits of Duplex Flanges (PN 40): Exceptional strength and corrosion resistance. Resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion. Excellent performance in harsh environments. Cost-effective compared to higher-grade materials for similar applications. DIN 2545 Duplex Flanges (PN 40) are a reliable choice for high-pressure applications in industries that demand both high performance and durability. #din2545 #din2545flanges #din2545duplexflanges #flanges

DIN 2544 Monel flanges are flanges manufactured according to the DIN 2544 standard, specifically designed for use with Monel alloys. Monel is a high-performance nickel-copper alloy known for its outstanding corrosion resistance, particularly in seawater, acids, and alkaline environments. These flanges are widely used in industries such as marine, chemical processing, petrochemical, and other applications that require resistance to aggressive media and high temperatures. Key Features: Material: Monel alloys (typically Monel 400 and Monel K-500). Pressure Rating (PN 25): These flanges are rated for pressure class PN 25, meaning they can handle pressures up to 25 bar (2500 kPa). Corrosion Resistance: Monel alloys offer excellent resistance to corrosion in harsh environments such as seawater and acidic solutions, making them ideal for marine and chemical applications. Strength: Monel alloys exhibit high strength and toughness, retaining their mechanical properties even in elevated temperature environments. Temperature Resistance: Monel alloys maintain integrity and strength even in high-temperature conditions, making them suitable for demanding applications. Types of DIN 2544 Monel Flanges: Weld Neck Flange (WN): These flanges are ideal for high-pressure applications where a reliable, leak-proof connection is required. The neck is welded to the pipe to create a strong joint. Slip-On Flange (SO): These flanges are easy to install by slipping over the pipe, then welding both inside and outside for a secure connection. Blind Flange (BL): Used to seal the ends of pipes, vessels, or other openings, providing a leak-tight closure. Threaded Flange (TH): These flanges are screwed onto the pipe without welding, making them easier to install and remove when needed. Socket Weld Flange (SW): Designed for smaller pipe sizes, where the pipe is inserted into the socket and welded into place for a strong, secure joint. Grades of Monel: Monel 400: A nickel-copper alloy containing 63% nickel and 29% copper, Monel 400 offers excellent resistance to seawater and other corrosive environments. It is commonly used in marine and chemical processing applications. Monel K-500: This alloy is similar to Monel 400 but with added titanium and aluminum for improved strength and hardness. It is used in high-stress environments such as aerospace and marine applications. Pressure Rating (PN 25): PN 25 means the flange is rated to withstand pressures of up to 25 bar (2500 kPa), making it ideal for moderate to high-pressure applications. Summary: DIN 2544 Monel flanges are corrosion-resistant components made from Monel alloys, ideal for use in industries like marine, chemical processing, and petrochemical. Ladhani Metal Corporation offers a variety of Monel flanges, including weld neck, slip-on, blind, threaded, and socket weld types, rated for pressures up to PN 25. With a strong focus on quality and customer service, Ladhani Metal Corporation provides high-performance solutions for industries worldwide.

ladhani metal corporation is supplier and exporter of BS S524 sheet , plate , coil , flat bar , circular plate , plate flanges , farma , laser cutting design sheet , waterjet cutting design sheet.BS S524 is the basic austenitic 18/8 steel stabilised by Titanium or additions. These grades are used because they are not sensitive to intergranular corrosion after heating within the carbide precipitation range of 425-850°C.BS S524 is the grade of choice for applications in the temperature range of up to about 900°C, combining high strength, resistance to scaling and phase stability with resistance to subsequent aqueous corrosion. Cold Bending : It has excellent cold working properties and cold bending can generally be carried out without too much difficulty. Hot Bending : Hot bending should be performed at 950oC - 1100Oc. Corrosion Resistance : it similar resistance to general corrosion in most media as 304, but not as good as 316. Stress Corrosion Cracking : it has similar resistance to stress corrosion cracking as 304, but not as good as 316. Pitting Corrosion / Crevice Corrosion : It has similar resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion as 304, but not as good as 316. Intergranular Corrosion : it has better resistance to intergranular corrosion than most of the standard 300 grades other than the low carbon types 304L, 316L and 317L due to its titanium content.N.B. Forging : Heat uniformly to 1150oC - 1200oC Machining: It is more difficult to machine than most of the standard austenitic stainless steels, due to its titanium addition. Our Domestic reach is unlimited and we supply to this following cities Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dhanbad, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Guwahati, Gwalior, Howrah, Hyderabad, Indore, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Kolkata, Kota, Lucknow, Ludhiana, Madurai, Meerut, Mumbai, Nagpur, Nashik, Navi Mumbai, New Delhi, Patna, Pune, Raipur, Rajkot, Ranchi, Solapur, Srinagar, Surat, Thane, Vadodara, Varanasi, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Hubballi, Tiruchirappalli, Bareilly, Moradabad, Mysore, Gurgaon, Aligarh, Jalandhar, Bhubaneswar We export to following Countries: Russia, Canada, United States, China, Brazil, Australia, Argentina, Kazakhstan, Algeria, Denmark, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Indonesia, Iran, Mongolia, Peru, South Africa, Colombia, Ethiopia, Bolivia, Egypt, Venezuela, Turkey, Chile, Myanmar, France, Ukraine, Madagascar, Botswana, Kenya, Thailand, Spain, Sweden, Uzbekistan, Morocco, Paraguay, Zimbabwe, Norway, Japan, Germany, Republic of the Congo, Finland, Vietnam, Malaysia, Poland, Oman, Italy, Philippines, Ecuador, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Guinea, Uganda, Nepal, Bangladesh.

DIN 2543 refers to a standard for titanium flanges under the German DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung) system. Titanium flanges are designed for use in piping systems, connecting pipes, valves, pumps, and other equipment. They provide a secure method of joining pipes while allowing for easy disassembly when needed. These flanges are made from titanium or titanium alloys, which are known for their strength, corrosion resistance, and lightweight properties. Titanium is particularly advantageous in harsh environments such as marine, chemical processing, and high-temperature systems due to its resistance to oxidation and corrosion. Key Features: Material: Titanium or titanium alloys Corrosion Resistance: Excellent resistance to corrosion in various environments, particularly in acidic or saline conditions. Strength-to-weight ratio: Higher strength-to-weight ratio than steel. Temperature Tolerance: Titanium flanges can handle high temperatures and extreme conditions. Lightweight: Titanium is significantly lighter than steel, making transportation and handling easier. Pressure Rating (PN16):The "PN" (Pressure Nominal) value indicates the maximum pressure the flange can withstand at a specific temperature (typically 20°C).PN16 means the flange is rated for a maximum pressure of 16 bar (or 232 psi). Standard Flange Design: DIN 2543 titanium flanges follow a standardized design which includes: Type: Usually weld neck, slip-on, blind, or socket weld. Size: Flanges come in various sizes with different pressure ratings. Bolt Holes: They have drilled holes for bolts to connect to the mating flange. Face Type: Can be raised face, flat face, or RTJ (Ring Type Joint) depending on the application. Types of Titanium Flanges (According to DIN 2543): Weld Neck Flanges (WN): Ideal for high-pressure systems. Slip-on Flanges (SO): Easy to install, used for general applications. Blind Flanges (BL): Used to seal the end of a pipeline. Socket Weld Flanges (SW): Used for small bore applications. Lap Joint Flanges (LJ): Used with a stub end, providing easier alignment and disassembly Grades of Titanium Used for Flanges: Grade 2 (CP-Titanium - Commercially Pure Titanium): Composition: 99.2% pure titanium. Properties: Excellent corrosion resistance, moderate strength, highly ductile, good weldability. Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V - Titanium Alloy): Composition: 90% Titanium, 6% Aluminum, 4% Vanadium. Properties: High strength, excellent corrosion resistance, good fatigue strength, and slightly more difficult to weld. Conclusion: Grade 2 is ideal for applications requiring excellent corrosion resistance and ease of fabrication, while Grade 5 provides superior strength and is used in demanding applications like aerospace and high-performance industrial systems. Both grades offer excellent properties for titanium flanges used in a wide variety of industries. we also deal in various material in DIN2543 such at Stainless steel, duplex, super duplex, Inconel, Monel and carbon steel

When considering Duplex Stainless Steel for DIN 2527 Blind Flanges, the material offers unique advantages over traditional stainless steels, combining the benefits of both austenitic and ferritic microstructures. Duplex Stainless Steel typically contains a higher percentage of chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen, which significantly enhances its properties, especially for highly demanding and corrosive environments. Material: Duplex Stainless Steel Superior Corrosion Resistance: Duplex stainless steels (e.g., 2205 or 2507) offer outstanding resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking, which makes them highly suitable for industries exposed to aggressive environments, such as offshore oil and gas, chemical processing, and marine industries. Strength: Duplex stainless steels have higher tensile strength than standard austenitic steels (such as 304 or 316), allowing the flange to perform under higher mechanical stress and pressure. The material is typically twice as strong as conventional 304 and 316 stainless steels. Temperature Resistance: Duplex materials offer good performance in high-temperature environments, although not as high as some alloys specifically designed for extreme heat (e.g., Inconel). They perform well in moderate to high-temperature applications. Resistance to Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC): Duplex steels are particularly resistant to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking, which is one of the key benefits in applications exposed to chloride-rich environments, such as seawater. Common types of duplex stainless steel blind flanges include: 1.4462 (F51): Standard duplex steel, offering good corrosion resistance and strength, used in chemical, oil & gas, and marine industries. 1.4410 (F53): Super duplex steel, with higher strength and better corrosion resistance, used in offshore and high-pressure applications. 1.4539 (Alloy 20): Highly resistant to acid and chloride environments, used in chemical processing and power generation. Design and Dimensions Shape: Blind flanges in DIN 2527, regardless of the material (Stainless Steel 316 or Duplex), are flat, round plates without a central hole, used to close off the ends of pipes or pressure vessels. Bolt Holes: Like other blind flanges, duplex flanges come with bolt holes for bolting the flange to a mating flanged component. The bolt holes' number and size depend on the flange's diameter and the pressure class. Thickness: The thickness varies according to the pressure rating (e.g., PN 6, PN 10, PN 16, PN 25). Thicker flanges are designed for higher-pressure applications to maintain a secure and tight seal. Pressure Rating: Duplex stainless steel blind flanges are often used in high-pressure environments due to their strength. The specific pressure ratings depend on the material grade (e.g., Duplex 2205, Super Duplex 2507), but they generally exhibit higher pressure resistance than austenitic stainless steels like 316. Types of Blind Flanges in DIN 2527 (Duplex) Raised Face (RF): A raised face provides a contact area for the gasket, enhancing the sealing performance when paired with a gasket. Flat Face (FF): The face of the flange is level with the surface, which is suitable for softer gaskets that offer a tight seal without excessive pressure. Ring Type Joint (RTJ): For high-pressure applications, Duplex stainless steel blind flanges can feature a groove for a metallic gasket. This design ensures a tight seal under extreme conditions, often used in offshore and chemical plant environments. Benefits of Duplex Stainless Steel Blind Flanges Cost-Efficiency: While Duplex steels can be more expensive than austenitic grades, they offer a better cost-to-performance ratio due to their enhanced durability and strength, leading to longer service life and reduced maintenance costs. Improved Mechanical Properties: Duplex steels' unique composition offers a blend of high tensile strength and excellent corrosion resistance, making them perfect for demanding environments where other materials might not perform as well.

Boiler Spare Part Anti-Corrosion Pressure Cover Plate For CFBC Fluidized Bed Boiler Heating Surface Tube Accessories Par The tube shield is a common component of the heating part of tubes. It is usually used in power station boilers. The useful life of tube shield is 3-5years. The tube shield has a variety of material and the selection of the material shall be subject to the original design of the boiler.The tube shield is divided into straight pipe and bend pipe. The main effect of tube shield is to protect the pipe and increase the service life of the pipe. Boiler Tube Shields are designed to eliminate major maintenance and downtime costs from boiler and condenser tube failure.

ladhani metal corporation is supplier and exporter of SUS 321H sheet , plate , coil , flat bar , circular plate , plate flanges , farma , laser cutting design sheet , waterjet cutting design sheet.SUS 321H is the basic austenitic 18/8 steel stabilised by Titanium or additions. These grades are used because they are not sensitive to intergranular corrosion after heating within the carbide precipitation range of 425-850°C.SUS 321H is the grade of choice for applications in the temperature range of up to about 900°C, combining high strength, resistance to scaling and phase stability with resistance to subsequent aqueous corrosion. Cold Bending : It has excellent cold working properties and cold bending can generally be carried out without too much difficulty. Hot Bending : Hot bending should be performed at 950oC - 1100Oc. Corrosion Resistance : it similar resistance to general corrosion in most media as 304, but not as good as 316. Stress Corrosion Cracking : it has similar resistance to stress corrosion cracking as 304, but not as good as 316. Pitting Corrosion / Crevice Corrosion : It has similar resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion as 304, but not as good as 316. Intergranular Corrosion : it has better resistance to intergranular corrosion than most of the standard 300 grades other than the low carbon types 304L, 316L and 317L due to its titanium content.N.B. Forging : Heat uniformly to 1150oC - 1200oC Machining: It is more difficult to machine than most of the standard austenitic stainless steels, due to its titanium addition. Our Domestic reach is unlimited and we supply to this following cities Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dhanbad, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Guwahati, Gwalior, Howrah, Hyderabad, Indore, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Kolkata, Kota, Lucknow, Ludhiana, Madurai, Meerut, Mumbai, Nagpur, Nashik, Navi Mumbai, New Delhi, Patna, Pune, Raipur, Rajkot, Ranchi, Solapur, Srinagar, Surat, Thane, Vadodara, Varanasi, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Hubballi, Tiruchirappalli, Bareilly, Moradabad, Mysore, Gurgaon, Aligarh, Jalandhar, Bhubaneswar We export to following Countries: Russia, Canada, United States, China, Brazil, Australia, Argentina, Kazakhstan, Algeria, Denmark, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Indonesia, Iran, Mongolia, Peru, South Africa, Colombia, Ethiopia, Bolivia, Egypt, Venezuela, Turkey, Chile, Myanmar, France, Ukraine, Madagascar, Botswana, Kenya, Thailand, Spain, Sweden, Uzbekistan, Morocco, Paraguay, Zimbabwe, Norway, Japan, Germany, Republic of the Congo, Finland, Vietnam, Malaysia, Poland, Oman, Italy, Philippines, Ecuador, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Guinea, Uganda, Nepal, Bangladesh.

ladhani metal corporation is supplier and exporter of SUS 321 sheet , plate , coil , flat bar , circular plate , plate flanges , farma , laser cutting design sheet , waterjet cutting design sheet.SUS 321 is the basic austenitic 18/8 steel stabilised by Titanium or additions. These grades are used because they are not sensitive to intergranular corrosion after heating within the carbide precipitation range of 425-850°C.SUS 321 is the grade of choice for applications in the temperature range of up to about 900°C, combining high strength, resistance to scaling and phase stability with resistance to subsequent aqueous corrosion. Cold Bending : It has excellent cold working properties and cold bending can generally be carried out without too much difficulty. Hot Bending : Hot bending should be performed at 950oC - 1100Oc. Corrosion Resistance : it similar resistance to general corrosion in most media as 304, but not as good as 316. Stress Corrosion Cracking : it has similar resistance to stress corrosion cracking as 304, but not as good as 316. Pitting Corrosion / Crevice Corrosion : It has similar resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion as 304, but not as good as 316. Intergranular Corrosion : it has better resistance to intergranular corrosion than most of the standard 300 grades other than the low carbon types 304L, 316L and 317L due to its titanium content.N.B. Forging : Heat uniformly to 1150oC - 1200oC Machining: It is more difficult to machine than most of the standard austenitic stainless steels, due to its titanium addition. Our Domestic reach is unlimited and we supply to this following cities Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dhanbad, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Guwahati, Gwalior, Howrah, Hyderabad, Indore, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Kolkata, Kota, Lucknow, Ludhiana, Madurai, Meerut, Mumbai, Nagpur, Nashik, Navi Mumbai, New Delhi, Patna, Pune, Raipur, Rajkot, Ranchi, Solapur, Srinagar, Surat, Thane, Vadodara, Varanasi, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Hubballi, Tiruchirappalli, Bareilly, Moradabad, Mysore, Gurgaon, Aligarh, Jalandhar, Bhubaneswar We export to following Countries: Russia, Canada, United States, China, Brazil, Australia, Argentina, Kazakhstan, Algeria, Denmark, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Indonesia, Iran, Mongolia, Peru, South Africa, Colombia, Ethiopia, Bolivia, Egypt, Venezuela, Turkey, Chile, Myanmar, France, Ukraine, Madagascar, Botswana, Kenya, Thailand, Spain, Sweden, Uzbekistan, Morocco, Paraguay, Zimbabwe, Norway, Japan, Germany, Republic of the Congo, Finland, Vietnam, Malaysia, Poland, Oman, Italy, Philippines, Ecuador, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Guinea, Uganda, Nepal, Bangladesh