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DIN EN 1.4057 Stainless Steel (X17CrNi16-2 Material)
DIN EN 1.4057 stainless steel (X17CrNi16-2 material) is a nickel-containing martensitic stainless steel, which has better corrosion resistance and mechanical properties than straight chromium stainless steel.
The higher carbon content makes it tend to form chromium carbide, and therefore the formation of chromium-depleted areas make 1.4057 material susceptible to intergranular corrosion. However, the surface polishing can improve its corrosion resistance.
DIN 1.4057 Steel Properties and Specifications
DIN 1.4057 stainless steel properties and specifications are summarized in the following tables including chemical composition, mechanical properties, hardness, heat treatment, etc.
Chemical Composition
X17CrNi16-2 material chemical composition is listed in the following table based on cast analysis.
| Chemical Composition, % | ||||||||
| Standard | Designation (Steel Number) | C | Si, ≤ | Mn, ≤ | P, ≤ | S, ≤ | Cr | Ni |
| EN 10088-2; EN 10088-3 | X17CrNi16-2 (1.4057) | 0,12-0,22 | 1,00 | 1,50 | 0,040 | 0,015 | 15,0-17,0 | 1,50-2,50 |
Notes: For 1.4057 stainless steel bars, rods, wires, sections, bright products and related semi-finished products, the content of S is ≤0,030%. A specific range of sulfur content can provide specific performance improvements. For machinability, it is recommended and allowed to control the sulfur content between 0.015% and 0.030%. For weldability, it is recommended and allowed to control the sulfur content between 0.008% and 0.030%. In order to improve the polishing performance, it is recommended to control the sulfur content to a maximum of 0.015%.
Physical Properties
DIN EN 1.4057 stainless steel physical properties are listed in the table below such as density, melting point, specific heat, electrical resistivity, elastic modulus (modulus of elasticity), thermal conductivity, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE).
Notes:
- 10-6·K-1 = 10-6/K
- 1 Ω·mm²/m = 1 μΩ·m
- 1 g/cm3 = 1 kg/dm3 = 1000 kg/m3
- 1 GPa = 1 kN/mm2
- 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2
| Physical Properties | |
| Density, g/cm3 (lb/in3) | 7,7 (0.278) |
| Magnetic | Yes |
| Specific heat capacity, J/(Kg·K) | 460 at 20 °C (68 °F) |
| Electrical resistivity, μΩ·m | 0.70 at 20 °C (68 °F) |
| Modulus of elasticity (Elastic Modulus) , Gpa (103 ksi) | 215 (31.2) at 20 °C (68 °F) |
| 212 (30.7) at 100 °C (212 °F) | |
| 205 (29.7) at 200 °C (392 °F) | |
| 200 (29) at 300 °C (572 °F) | |
| 190 (27.5) at 400 °C (752 °F) | |
| Thermal conductivity, (W/m·K) | 25 at 20 °C (68 °F) |
| Mean coefficient of thermal expansion, (10-6/K) | 10,0 at 20-100 °C (68-212 °F) |
| 10,5 at 20-200 °C (68-392 °F) | |
| 10,5 at 20-300 °C (68-572 °F) | |
| 10,5 at 20-400 °C (68-752 °F) | |
DIN EN 1.4057 Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties
DIN EN 1.4057 stainless steel mechanical properties are given in the datasheet below including tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction in area, Brinell and Rockwell hardness, etc.
| Mechanical properties at room temperature of heat-treated 1.4057 stainless steel in conditions 1C, 1E, 1D, 1X, 1G and 2D | ||||||||
| Standard | Steel Grade (Steel Number) | Thickness (t) or diameter (d) in mm | Heat treatment condition | Hardness, HBW | 0,2 % proof strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Tensile strength, Mpa (ksi) | Elongation, %, ≥, (long.) | Impact energy (ISO-V), KV2, ≥ J (long.) |
| EN 10088-3 | X17CrNi16-2 (1.4057) | – | +A | 295 | – | 950 (138), ≤ | – | – |
| ≤ 160 | +QT800 | – | 600 (87) | 800-950 (116-138) | 14 | 25 | ||
60 | 12 | 20 | | ||||||
| ≤ 160 | +QT900 | – | 700 (101) | 900-1050 (130-152) | 12 | 16 | ||
| 60 < t≤ 160 | 10 | 15 | ||||||
| Notes: Diameter: Width across flats for hexagons. Hardness: Only for guidance. For rods, only the tensile strength values apply. | ||||||||
| Mechanical properties for bright bars at room temperature of heat-treated 1.4057 stainless steel in conditions 2H, 2B, 2G or 2P | |||||||||
| Standard | Steel Grade (Steel Number) | Thickness (t) or diameter (d) in mm (in.) | Annealed | Quenched + tempered | |||||
| Tensile strength, Mpa (ksi), ≤ | Hardness, HB, ≤ | Heat treatment condition | 0,2 % yield strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | Tensile strength, Mpa (ksi) | Elongation in 5mm min, %, ≥, (long.) | Impact energy (ISO-V), KV2, ≥ J (long.) | |||
| EN 10088-3 | X17CrNi16-2 (1.4057) | ≤ 10 (only for rounds) | 1050 (152) | 330 | +QT800 | 750 (109) | 850-1100 (123-160) | 7 | – |
10 | 1050 (152) | 330 | 700 (101) | 850-1100 (123-160) | 7 | – | | |||
| 16 < t≤ 40 | 1000 (145) | 310 | 650 (94) | 800-1050 (116-152) | 9 | 25 | |||
40 | 950 (138) | 295 | 650 (94) | 800-1000 (116-145) | 12 | 25 | | |||
| 63< t ≤ 160 | 950 (138) | 295 | 650 (94) | 800-950 (116-138) | 12 | 16 | |||
| Mechanical properties at room temperature of annealed wire in 2D condition | ||||
| Standard | Designation (Steel Number) | Nominal dimension (d) mm | Tensile strength, Mpa (ksi), ≤ | Elongation, %, ≥ |
| EN 10088-3 | X17CrNi16-2 (1.4057) | 0,50 | 1100 (160) | 10 | |
| 1,00 < d≤ 3,00 | 1050 (152) | 10 | ||
3,00 | 1000 (145) | 10 | | ||
| 5,00 < d ≤ 16,00 | 950 (138) | 15 | ||
| If skin passed (i. e. less than 5 % reduction in cross section), the maximum tensile strength might be increased by up to 50 MPa | ||||
| Minimum values for the 0,2 % yield strength of 1.4057 stainless steel at elevated temperatures | ||||
| Standard | Steel name (Material number) | Temperature, °C ( °F) | 0,2% proof strength, Mpa (ksi), ≥ | |
| +QT800 | +QT900 | |||
| EN 10088-3 | X17CrNi16-2 (1.4057) | 100 (212) | 515 (74) | 565 (82) |
| 150 (302) | 495 (71) | 525 (76) | ||
| 200 (392) | 475 (69) | 505 (73) | ||
| 250 (482) | 460 (66) | 490 (71) | ||
| 300 (572) | 440 (64) | 470 (68) | ||
| 350 (662) | 405 (59) | 430 (62) | ||
| 400 (752) | 355 (51) | 375 (54) | ||
EN 1.4057 Stainless Steel Heat Treatment
The following contents give DIN 1.4057 stainless steel heat treatment temperature of including annealing, hot forming, quenching and termpering, etc.
| Guidelines on the temperatures for hot forming and heat treatment | |||||||||
| Standard | Steel Grade (Steel Number) | Hot forming | Heat treatment symbol | Annealing | Quenching | Tempering Temperature, °C (°F) | |||
| Temperature, °C (°F) | Type of cooling | Temperature, °C (°F), ① | Type of cooling | Temperature, °C (°F), ① | Type of cooling | ||||
| EN 10088-3 | X17CrNi16-2 (1.4057) | 1100 to 800 (2010 to 1470) | Slow cooling | +A ② | 680 to 800 (1255-1470) | furnace, air | – | – | – |
| +QT800 | – | – | 950 to 1050 (1745-1925) | oil, air | 750 to 800+ (1380-1472) 650 to 700 | ||||
| +QT900 | – | – | 600 to 650 (1110-1200) | ||||||
| Notes: +A: Annealed +QT: Quenched and Tempered ①: If the heat treatment is performed in a continuous furnace, it is generally preferred that the upper limit of the specified range or even exceed the specified range. ②: Double annealing might be advisable. | |||||||||
Applications
Construction parts of the highest strength in the food, soap and acetic acid industries
DIN EN 1.4057 Equivalent Material
EN 1.4057 stainless steel equivalent to US ASTM AISI SAE, ISO, Japanese JIS and Chinese GB standard (For reference).
| DIN EN 1.4057 Steel X17CrNi16-2 Material Equivalent | |||||||||
| European Union | US | ISO | China | Japan | |||||
| Standard | Designation (Material Number) | Standard | Grade (UNS) | Standard | Grade (ISO number ) | Standard | Name (Code) | Standard | Grade |
| EN 10088-2; EN 10088-3; EN 10088-1 | X17CrNi16-2 (1.4057) | AISI; ASTM A240/A240M; ASTM A276/A276M; ASTM A959 | AISI 431 (UNS S43100) | ISO 15510 | X17CrNi16-2 (4057-431-00-X) | GB/T 1220; GB/T 3280 | 17Cr16Ni2 (S43120) | JIS G4303; JIS G4304 | SUS431 |
Related materials: 304 Stainless Steel, 316 Stainless Steel, SAE AISI 1080 Steel, SS304, 18/8 Stainless Steel
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