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Introduction
ASTM A322/A322M is a widely accepted specification covering hot-wrought alloy steel bars intended for mechanical and engineering applications requiring higher strength, toughness, hardenability, and wear resistance compared to carbon steel grades.
Ladhani Metal Corporation is a manufacturer, supplier, and stockist of ASTM A322 alloy steel bars, offering a comprehensive range of alloy grades in multiple sizes and supply conditions for demanding industrial applications.
ASTM A322 bars are typically used in automotive, heavy machinery, oil & gas, forging, and general engineering sectors where superior performance under stress and fatigue is essential.
Scope of ASTM A322
ASTM A322 covers:
-
Hot-wrought alloy steel bars
-
Round, square, flat, hexagonal, and other rolled shapes
-
Bars for mechanical applications
-
Alloy grades corresponding to AISI designations
The specification primarily defines chemical composition requirements and manufacturing standards. Mechanical properties are generally determined by heat treatment and customer requirements.
Manufacturing Process
ASTM A322 alloy steel bars are produced by:
-
Electric furnace process
-
Basic oxygen furnace process
The steel is typically fully killed to ensure uniform composition and improved mechanical integrity.
Hot rolling is the primary forming process, followed by optional heat treatment depending on the required properties.
Common Grades Under ASTM A322
ASTM A322 includes a wide range of AISI alloy steel grades. Some commonly supplied grades include:
-
4130
-
4140
-
4145
-
4150
-
4340
-
8620
-
9310
-
52100
-
6150
-
5160
These grades are alloyed with elements such as chromium, molybdenum, nickel, manganese, and vanadium to enhance strength, toughness, and hardenability.
Hot-Wrought Alloy & Boron Steel Bars – Chemical Composition
Grade |
C (%) |
Mn (%) |
P Max |
S Max |
Si (%) |
Ni (%) |
Cr (%) |
Mo (%) |
|
1330 |
0.28–0.33 |
1.60–1.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
— |
|
1335 |
0.33–0.38 |
1.60–1.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
— |
|
1340 |
0.38–0.43 |
1.60–1.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
— |
|
1345 |
0.43–0.48 |
1.60–1.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
— |
|
4023 |
0.20–0.25 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4024 |
0.20–0.25 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.050 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4027 |
0.25–0.30 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4028 |
0.25–0.30 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.050 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4037 |
0.35–0.40 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4047 |
0.45–0.50 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4118 |
0.18–0.23 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.40–0.60 |
0.08–0.15 |
|
4120 |
0.18–0.23 |
0.90–1.20 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.40–0.60 |
0.13–0.20 |
|
4121 |
0.18–0.23 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.45–0.65 |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4130 |
0.28–0.33 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.80–1.10 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
4137 |
0.35–0.40 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.80–1.10 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
4140 |
0.38–0.43 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.80–1.10 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
4142 |
0.40–0.45 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.80–1.10 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
4145 |
0.43–0.48 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.80–1.10 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
4147 |
0.45–0.50 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.80–1.10 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
4150 |
0.48–0.53 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.80–1.10 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
4161 |
0.56–0.64 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.70–0.90 |
0.25–0.35 |
|
4320 |
0.17–0.22 |
0.45–0.65 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
1.65–2.00 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4340 |
0.38–0.43 |
0.60–0.80 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
1.65–2.00 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.20–0.30 |
|
E4340 |
0.38–0.43 |
0.65–0.85 |
0.025 |
0.025 |
0.15–0.35 |
1.65–2.00 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4615 |
0.13–0.18 |
0.45–0.65 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
1.65–2.00 |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4620 |
0.17–0.22 |
0.45–0.65 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
1.65–2.00 |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4621 |
0.18–0.23 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
1.65–2.00 |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4626 |
0.24–0.29 |
0.45–0.65 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.70–1.00 |
— |
0.15–0.25 |
|
4720 |
0.17–0.22 |
0.50–0.70 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.90–1.20 |
0.35–0.55 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
4815 |
0.13–0.18 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
3.25–3.75 |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
4820 |
0.18–0.23 |
0.50–0.70 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
3.25–3.75 |
— |
0.20–0.30 |
|
5117 |
0.15–0.20 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.70–0.90 |
— |
|
5130 |
0.28–0.33 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.80–1.10 |
— |
|
5140 |
0.38–0.43 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.70–0.90 |
— |
|
5160 |
0.56–0.64 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.70–0.90 |
— |
|
6118 |
0.16–0.21 |
0.50–0.70 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.50–0.70 |
0.10–0.15 |
|
6150 |
0.48–0.53 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.80–1.10 |
0.15 min |
|
8615 |
0.13–0.18 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.40–0.70 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
8620 |
0.18–0.23 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.40–0.70 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
8640 |
0.38–0.43 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.40–0.70 |
0.40–0.60 |
— |
|
8645 |
0.43–0.48 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.40–0.70 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
8655 |
0.51–0.59 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.40–0.70 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.15–0.25 |
|
8720 |
0.18–0.23 |
0.70–0.90 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.40–0.70 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.20–0.30 |
|
8740 |
0.38–0.43 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.40–0.70 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.20–0.30 |
|
8822 |
0.20–0.25 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.40–0.70 |
0.40–0.60 |
0.30–0.40 |
|
9259 |
0.56–0.64 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.70–1.10 |
— |
0.45–0.65 |
— |
|
9260 |
0.56–0.64 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
1.80–2.20 |
— |
— |
— |
|
50B44 |
0.43–0.48 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.20–0.60 |
— |
|
50B46 |
0.44–0.49 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.20–0.35 |
— |
|
50B50 |
0.48–0.53 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.40–0.60 |
— |
|
50B60 |
0.56–0.64 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.40–0.60 |
— |
|
51B60 |
0.56–0.64 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
— |
0.70–0.90 |
— |
|
81B45 |
0.43–0.48 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.20–0.40 |
0.35–0.55 |
0.08–0.15 |
|
94B17 |
0.15–0.20 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.30–0.60 |
0.30–0.50 |
0.08–0.15 |
|
94B30 |
0.28–0.33 |
0.75–1.00 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
0.15–0.35 |
0.30–0.60 |
0.30–0.50 |
0.08–0.15 |
Important Notes
·
Incidental elements may be present up to:
Cu 0.35%, Ni 0.25%, Cr 0.20%, Mo 0.06%.
· Leaded grades contain 0.15–0.35% Pb and are designated with “L” (example: 41L40).
· Boron steels typically contain 0.0005–0.003% B (up to 0.005% when Ti is restricted).
· Silicon may be limited to 0.10% max for severe cold-forming applications.
Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties of ASTM A322 steel bars vary depending on:
-
Alloy grade
-
Section size
-
Heat treatment condition
Typical property ranges (example: 4140, quenched & tempered):
| Property | Typical Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 850–1000 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 650–850 MPa |
| Elongation | 16–25% |
| Hardness | 28–32 HRC (Q&T condition) |
Nickel-chromium-molybdenum grades such as 4340 provide excellent impact toughness and fatigue resistance, making them suitable for highly stressed components.
Heat Treatment Options
ASTM A322 alloy steel bars can be supplied in:
-
As-rolled
-
Annealed
-
Normalized
-
Quenched and tempered
-
Spheroidized (for machining applications)
Heat treatment significantly influences hardness, tensile strength, and machinability.
Forms of Supply
ASTM A322 alloy steel bars are supplied in:
-
Round bars
-
Square bars
-
Flat bars
-
Hex bars
-
Custom forged or rolled sections
Available conditions:
-
Hot rolled
-
Annealed
-
Quenched and tempered
-
Peeling or centerless ground finish
Length options:
-
Random lengths
-
Fixed lengths
-
Cut-to-size
Surface finishes:
-
Black (mill finish)
-
Peeled
-
Turned
-
Ground
Key Features of ASTM A322 Alloy Steel Bars
-
Superior strength compared to carbon steels
-
Excellent hardenability
-
Good fatigue resistance
-
High impact toughness
-
Good machinability in annealed condition
-
Suitable for heat treatment
-
Wide range of alloy combinations
Applications of ASTM A322 Steel Bars
ASTM A322 alloy steel bars are widely used in:
Automotive Industry
-
Crankshafts
-
Connecting rods
-
Transmission shafts
-
Axles
-
Gears
Oil & Gas Sector
-
Drill collars
-
Tool joints
-
High-pressure components
Heavy Engineering
-
Industrial shafts
-
Couplings
-
Bolts and studs
-
Forged components
Bearing & Tooling Applications
-
Roller bearings (52100)
-
Die components
-
Wear-resistant parts
Aerospace & Defense
-
High-strength structural components
-
Landing gear components (in specific grades like 4340)
Advantages of ASTM A322 Alloy Steel Bars
-
High load-bearing capacity
-
Improved wear resistance
-
Excellent fatigue performance
-
Customizable heat treatment response
-
Reliable performance in harsh environments
Conclusion
ASTM A322 alloy steel bars provide enhanced mechanical performance and durability for critical industrial components. With a wide selection of alloy grades and heat treatment options, they are suitable for demanding engineering applications requiring strength, toughness, and reliability.
Ladhani Metal Corporation supplies ASTM A322 alloy steel bars in multiple grades, sizes, and supply conditions, ensuring compliance with international standards and meeting diverse industrial requirements.
FOR REQUIREMENT OF THIS GRADE OR FOR DETAIL CONTACT US AT :-
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