A pure tungsten tube is a hollow cylindrical shape made from 100% tungsten metal, known for its exceptional physical properties, including high strength, resistance to high temperatures, and high density. These tubes are produced for specific industrial, scientific, and technological applications where extreme conditions are involved. Key Characteristics of a Pure Tungsten Tube 99.95% Pure Tungsten (W): A tungsten tube is made from pure tungsten metal, meaning it contains no significant alloys or impurities, allowing it to retain the full range of tungsten's advantageous properties. High Density:Tungsten has one of the highest densities of any metal, at 19.25 g/cm³, making tungsten tubes compact and heavy, which is beneficial in applications that require high mass in a small volume. Extremely High Melting Point: Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal, at 3,422°C (6,192°F), which makes it ideal for high-temperature applications, such as in aerospace or certain high-performance industrial processes. Strength and Durability: Pure tungsten tubes are incredibly strong, with a high tensile strength around 1510 MPa, meaning they can endure extreme mechanical stresses without deforming or failing. Tungsten also exhibits high wear resistance, which makes the tube durable in harsh, abrasive environments. Corrosion Resistance: Tungsten is highly resistant to corrosion, oxidation, and environmental degradation, even under extreme conditions, including at high temperatures, making tungsten tubes suitable for long-term, reliable use. Applications of Pure Tungsten Tubes: Aerospace and Defense: Rocket nozzles, satellite components, and spacecraft parts benefit from tungsten tubes due to their ability to withstand extreme temperatures and mechanical stresses. Armor-piercing projectiles and military components can also be made from tungsten due to its high density and strength. High-Temperature and High-Pressure Applications: Tungsten tubes are often used in high-temperature environments like furnaces, industrial heating elements, and thermal processing chambers where metals with high melting points are required. Gas turbines and jet engines can also incorporate tungsten tubing for high-temperature stability and strength.

A tungsten alloy block is a solid piece of tungsten metal alloy, typically made by combining tungsten with other metals like nickel, iron, or copper to enhance its properties. These blocks are known for their exceptional density, strength, and high resistance to heat, corrosion, and wear. Due to these characteristics, tungsten alloy blocks are widely used in industries that require durable materials capable of withstanding extreme conditions. Tungsten alloy blocks are commonly used in aerospace, defense, medical, and manufacturing applications. They are often used for producing high-performance components such as counterweights, radiation shielding, military projectiles, and components for heavy machinery. The material's high density also makes it ideal for applications like ballast and vibration damping. Characteristics: High Density and Strength: Tungsten alloy blocks are notably dense, with densities ranging from 16 to 19 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³), making them among the heaviest materials available. This makes them ideal for applications requiring heavy, compact materials. High Melting Point: Tungsten has one of the highest melting points of any metal, around 3422°C (6192°F), which ensures that tungsten alloy blocks maintain their structural integrity even under extreme temperatures. This property makes them highly suitable for applications in aerospace and defense sectors where high heat resistance is critical. Excellent Wear and Corrosion Resistance: The tungsten alloy's resistance to wear, corrosion, and abrasion is enhanced by the alloying elements, especially when the blocks are used in harsh environments or for high-wear applications. This makes them ideal for parts exposed to friction or high-stress conditions. Machinability: While tungsten itself is quite hard and brittle, alloying it with materials like nickel and iron improves its machinability. Tungsten alloy blocks are typically produced in a variety of forms, including standard sizes and custom shapes, making them suitable for a range of industrial applications.

A pure tungsten block is a solid, dense piece of tungsten metal, characterized by its high melting point, exceptional strength, and remarkable density. Tungsten (chemical symbol W), is a transition metal known for being one of the toughest and most heat-resistant elements, with a range of industrial and scientific applications due to its unique properties. Key Characteristics: · High Density: Tungsten has one of the highest densities of any metal, approximately 19.3 g/cm³. This means a pure tungsten block is very heavy for its size, making it useful for applications requiring high mass in compact forms. · High Melting Point: Tungsten has the highest melting point of any element, at 3,422°C (6,192°F). This allows pure tungsten blocks to withstand extremely high temperatures without losing their structural integrity. · Hardness and Strength: Tungsten is incredibly strong and hard, with a hardness rating of about 7.5 on the Mohs scale. This makes it resistant to wear, scratching, and other forms of mechanical stress. It is also known for its ability to retain strength at elevated temperatures. · Corrosion Resistance: Pure tungsten is highly resistant to oxidation and corrosion, even at high temperatures. It is not prone to rusting or tarnishing, making it ideal for use in harsh chemical environments. · Electrical and Thermal Conductivity: Tungsten has good electrical conductivity, though not as high as metals like copper or silver. Its high thermal conductivity also makes it ideal for dissipating heat in industrial and scientific applications. Applications: · Aerospace and Defense: Tungsten is used in various high-performance components like rocket nozzles, military armor-piercing projectiles, and heavy-duty aerospace parts. · Radiation Shielding: Tungsten's high density makes it an effective material for radiation shielding, particularly in X-ray machines, nuclear reactors, and medical equipment. · Heavy Machinery: Tungsten blocks are used in counterweights and ballast for cranes, aircraft, and other machinery due to their density. · Industrial Tools: Tungsten is used in the production of cutting tools, dies, and drills, especially in industries that require materials with high hardness and wear resistance.

Tungsten-Copper Alloy Bars/Rods are composite materials consisting of a blend of tungsten (W) and copper (Cu), offering a unique combination of the distinct properties of both metals. These alloys are typically used in applications that require both high density, heat resistance, and good electrical or thermal conductivity. The tungsten-copper composite is particularly valued in industries where high performance is required under extreme conditions, such as aerospace, electronics, and manufacturing. Characteristics: · High Density: Tungsten copper alloys have a density that lies between pure tungsten and pure copper, making them dense and stable for applications requiring mass and weight. · Thermal Conductivity: These alloys offer superior thermal conductivity compared to pure tungsten, thanks to the copper content. This makes them ideal for heat dissipation in high-temperature environments. · Electrical Conductivity: Copper provides high electrical conductivity, so tungsten-copper alloys are often used in electrical and electronic applications where heat resistance and electrical performance are both crucial. · Strength and Hardness: Tungsten copper alloys retain much of the high-strength and heat-resistant properties of tungsten, but with improved machinability and ductility due to the copper content. The specific hardness and strength depend on the proportion of tungsten, with higher tungsten content leading to greater hardness and heat resistance. · Thermal Expansion: The addition of copper modifies the alloy's coefficient of thermal expansion, giving it better dimensional stability compared to pure tungsten, which is important in applications where precision and tight tolerances are required. Applications: · Electrical and Electronic Components: Tungsten copper alloys are widely used in the electronics industry for electrical contacts, electrical conductors, commutators, and electrode materials for arc welding. They are also used in heat sinks and power transmission components where efficient heat dissipation is essential. · Aerospace and Defense: Due to their high-density and heat-resistance properties, these alloys are used in aerospace components, including rocket nozzles, heat shields, and circuit breakers in extreme conditions. The thermal stability makes them effective in environments with significant temperature fluctuations. · Manufacturing: Tungsten copper alloy rods are used in the production of high-performance tooling, such as die-casting dies, molds, and cutting tools, where both strength and heat management are critical. · Welding and Soldering: In high-current electrical applications, these alloys are also used for welding electrodes and soldering tips, where both electrical conductivity and heat resistance are required.

Product name:Gr2 Titanium Hemispherical Heads Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR1, GR2, GR5, GR7, GR12 Size: Customized Gr2 Titanium Hemispherical heads The dish head refers to the element used to close the end of the container so that the internal and external media are isolated, also known as hemispherical heads/dish end/ Elliptical Dish End. The head of a cylindrical container is usually a revolving case. According to the shape of the head surface, it can be divided into convex shape, conical shape, flat shape and combination shape. Convex heads refer to heads with convex outer surface shape, such as hemispherical, oval, disc and unflanged spherical heads. Some gas cylinders use convex inward combined bottom head, which can not only ensure strength, but also meet the needs of safe use. A head is a part of a container that is welded to the cylinder. (As shown below) According to different geometric shapes, it can be divided into spherical, oval, disc, spherical crown, cone shell and cap, among which spherical, oval, disc and spherical crown heads are collectively referred to as convex heads. In the welding is divided into butt welding head, socket welding head. Used for all kinds of container equipment, such as storage tank, heat exchanger, tower, reactor, boiler and separation equipment, etc.

Porduct name : Titanium Clad Steel Tube plates Material: Titanium +steel,Titanium+stainless steel etc. Size &Standard: As per client drawing Production Method: Forging,annealing and machining Advantage: Excellent corrosion resistance ability Packing: Plywood case Application: Heat Exchanger, chemical equipment, Pressure Vessel, filter devices, etc. Titanium Clad Steel Tube plates Titanium clad metal can reduce equipment costs exponentially and avoid many defects. The equipment made of titanium steel plate is well resistant to corrosion due to its inner titanium layer and also has strong strength due to its outer steel layer. Two layers of bonding, with good thermal conductivity, overcome thermal stress, thermal fatigue resistance, so that it can work in more severe conditions. Titanium steel clad tube sheet / plate is widely used in storage tanks, towers, heat exchangers and pipelines in petrochemical industry due to its good corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, which improves the service life of equipment. Compared with the traditional welding method, the heat exchanger made of titanium steel composite tube plate and titanium tube has incomparable advantages. Product name Titanium Clad Steel Tube plates Size Customized Cladding metal: AISI 405,410,410S,429,430,304,309,316 ,321,06Cr13,06Cr13A1, 022Cr17Ti, 06Cr19Ni10, 06Cr18Ni11Ti etc. Base metal: Titanium Gr1 Gr2 Gr3 Gr7 Gr12 Production code ASTM B898, ASME SB898 Edge Treatment Waterjet cutting Applications Petro-chemical, Vacuum Salt Industry, Chlor-alkali, Metallurgical, Food, Light Industry, Medicine, Auto Industry, Electrolytic Aluminum, Fertilizer, Power Industry, Building Materials, Electrolysis Industry, Hydrometallurgy etc. Packing Standard export packing

Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR1, GR2, GR5, GR7, GR12 Size: Customized Gr2 Titanium Dish Head Product Information Titanium dish head is the end cap on the pressure vessel and is a main pressure-bearing part of the pressure vessel. The role played is the sealing effect. First, the upper and lower bottoms of the tank-shaped pressure vessel are made, and the second is that the pipe is at the end and is not going to extend forward. Then a titanium dish head is used to seal the pipe in the form of welding. There are blind plates and caps that are similar to the functions of titanium dish head, but those two products can be disassembled. After titanium dish head is welded, it cannot be disassembled. So the quality of titanium dish head is directly related to the long-term safe and reliable operation of the pressure vessel. Standard: ANSI/ASME, DIN, GB, EN, JIS, MSS, API, BS, AWWA, GOST etc. Grade: GR1, GR2, GR5, GR7, GR12 OD: 300-2500mm Thickness: 2-300mm Production Process: Cold Forming, Hot Forming Surface Treatment: Sand Blasting, Pickling, Coating etc. Applications: Heat Exchanger, Condenser, Pressure Vessel, Reactor, Storage Tank, Boiler, Absorber etc

Porduct name : Titanium clad stainless steel tube sheet Material: Titanium +steel,Titanium+stainless steel etc. Size &Standard: As per client drawing Production Method: Forging,annealing and machining Advantage: Excellent corrosion resistance ability Packing: Plywood case Application: Heat Exchanger, chemical equipment, Pressure Vessel, filter devices, etc. Titanium clad stainless steel tube sheet Titanium composite steel plate tube-sheet is a single or double-sided composite plate made of ordinary grade TA1 or TA2 (composite metal) and carbon steel or alloy steel by explosion, explosion + rolling or hot rolling. Titanium metal has excellent corrosion resistance, widely used in flue gas desulfurization equipment, power plant chimneys, chemical reactors, heat exchangers, pressure vessels, etc. But its disadvantage is high cost, titanium composite steel plate tubesheet has the corrosion resistance of titanium metal and the structural strength of steel, can greatly reduce the project cost. At present, the production method of titanium composite steel tubesheet is as follows: 1. Weld compound 2. Rolling compound 3. Explosive welding 4. Explosive welding + rolling Baoji Lihua uses explosive welding and rolling and combines the two processes. This method can overcome the disadvantages of small area and complex rolling process of explosive composite plate, give full play to their respective advantages, and produce titanium steel composite plate with large area and small thickness. It is more efficient and cheaper. Technological parameters and shear strength of explosive welding of Titanium clad stainless steel plate tube sheet 1 Cladding materials Base materials h0/ mm Wg/ (g.cm-2) Bond strength/MPa 1 2 3 4 Average Remark Metal δ1/ mm Metal δ2/ mm Titanium 3 5 Stainless steel 18 5 6.5 1.4 1.6 σt 293 200 392 179 266 The substrate is generally polished. σf 247 208 113 92 165 σt 447 530 460 441 444 The substrate is polished. σf 403 200 363 322 σt 139 105 203 205 163 The substrate is generally polished. σf 231 345 286 287 285 σt 407 410 263 407 372 The substrate is polished. σf 498 571 513 527 Losive welding of Titanium clad stainless steel plate tube sheet 2 Cladding materials Base materials h0/ mm Wg/ (g.cm-2) Bond strength/MPa 1 2 3 4 Average Remark Metal δ1/ mm Metal δ2/ mm Titanium 3 5 Stainless steel 18 5 6.5 1.4 1.6 σt 392 87 240 18 The substrate is generally polished. σf 345 92 157 12 σt 530 279 402 5 The substrate is polished. σf 403 200 321 3 σt 339 60 230 18 The substrate is generally polished. σf 287 149 233 11 σt 571 513 541 2 The substrate is polished.

DIN 2633 super duplex steel flanges PN 16 are high-performance weld neck flanges manufactured in accordance with the DIN 2633 standard. Engineered for medium-pressure piping systems with a pressure rating of up to 16 bar (232 psi), these flanges are made from super duplex stainless steels, which offer a superior combination of high mechanical strength and outstanding corrosion resistance. They are specifically designed for critical applications in aggressive environments where standard stainless or duplex steels may not provide sufficient durability. Ladhani Metal Corporation is a globally recognized manufacturer and supplier of super duplex steel flanges, known for precision manufacturing, strict quality control, and compliance with international material and dimensional standards. Each flange is tested for performance, safety, and resistance to harsh operating conditions. Pressure Rating: • PN 16 (16 bar / 232 psi): Suitable for systems requiring secure, corrosion-resistant, and high-strength connections under moderate pressure. Flange Type: • Weld Neck Flanges Featuring a long tapered hub, these flanges offer optimal stress distribution, reduce turbulence at the joint, and ensure reliable pipe alignment in high-stress environments. • Flat Face (FF) Flanges Designed for uniform gasket compression, particularly effective when used with soft gaskets or cast iron mating components. Super Duplex Steel Grades and Full Composition: Super Duplex 2507 (UNS S32750) • Chromium (Cr): 24.0 – 26.0% • Nickel (Ni): 6.0 – 8.0% • Molybdenum (Mo): 3.0 – 5.0% • Nitrogen (N): 0.24 – 0.32% • Manganese (Mn): ≤ 1.2% • Silicon (Si): ≤ 0.8% • Carbon (C): ≤ 0.03% • Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.035% • Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.02% • Iron (Fe): Balance Applications: Ideal for offshore platforms, subsea systems, desalination plants, chemical process systems, and high-chloride environments requiring superior corrosion and pitting resistance. Super Duplex S32760 • Chromium (Cr): 24.0 – 26.0% • Nickel (Ni): 6.0 – 8.0% • Molybdenum (Mo): 3.0 – 4.0% • Tungsten (W): 0.5 – 1.0% • Copper (Cu): 0.5 – 1.0% • Nitrogen (N): 0.2 – 0.3% • Carbon (C): ≤ 0.03% • Iron (Fe): Balance Applications: Commonly used in seawater systems, heat exchangers, fire-fighting systems, and oil & gas equipment due to excellent resistance to erosion, stress corrosion cracking, and fatigue. Applications of DIN 2633 Super Duplex Steel Flanges PN 16: • Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms Resists chloride-induced corrosion and high mechanical loads in topside and subsea installations. • Desalination and Marine Systems Performs well in high-salinity environments where other alloys may suffer from pitting or crevice corrosion. • Chemical and Petrochemical Plants Suitable for handling strong acids, caustic solutions, and oxidizing environments at elevated temperatures and pressures. • Fire Protection and Water Injection Systems Ensures reliability and corrosion resistance in safety-critical and high-pressure fluid delivery systems. • Pulp and Paper Industry Used in bleach plant systems and recovery boilers where exposure to corrosive agents is routine. Key Features: • Manufactured in compliance with DIN 2633 standards • PN 16 pressure rating for medium-pressure service • Weld neck design ensures secure, vibration-resistant connections • Available in high-strength super duplex grades S32750 and S32760 • Excellent resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking • High mechanical strength and fatigue resistance • Custom sizes, coatings, and pressure classes available upon request Conclusion: DIN 2633 super duplex steel flanges PN 16 from Ladhani Metal Corporation are designed to meet the most demanding operational requirements in highly corrosive and high-pressure environments. With unmatched strength and corrosion resistance, these flanges are ideal for offshore, marine, chemical, and industrial applications. For technical specifications, custom designs, or pricing information, contact Ladhani Metal Corporation today.