Product Name: Gr7 Titanium sheet Standard: ASTM B265 Material: Gr7 Unit Price: $222.5usd/kg-$285.7usd/kg Thickness: 0.5-100mm Length: 500-6000mm Or As You Require Width: 500-1000mm Or As You Require Surface: Pickling, Polishing, Sand Blasting Gr7 titanium sheet is high palladium content, and it is very resistant to corrosion. For example, titanium grade 7 is resistant to salt water and is also suitable for handling chlorides media. In addition, Titanium Grade 7 is resistant to erosion or impacts. plate usually used for Pressure vessel, fastener, frame, Aerospace vehicle, Chemical industry, ocean engineering etc. Product Name: Gr7 Titanium sheet Standard: ASTM B265 Material: Grade 7 (Ti-0.2Pd) Thickness: 0.5-100mm Length: 500-6000mm Or As You Require Width: 500-1000mm Or As You Require Surface: Pickling, Polishing, Sand Blasting Quality inspections: Flaw detection, eddy current test, etc Grade Chemicai composition(WT%) (Ti) (Fe) (C) (N) (H) (O) (Pd) (Al) (Sn) Others Each Total Gr7 Ti-0.2Pd Remainder ≤0.30 ≤0.08 ≤0.03 ≤0.015 ≤0.25 0.12～0.25 / / ≤0.1 ≤0.4

Product name:Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR1, GR2, GR7, GR12 Size: Customized Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head Hemispherical head refers to the head composed of half spherical shell and straight edge (cylindrical short joint). The radius of curvature of the spherical shell is equal everywhere and the force is uniform. Compared with other heads, hemispherical heads require the smallest wall thickness under the same internal pressure. At the connection between the spherical shell and the cylinder with the same thickness, the edge stress caused by the change of curvature radius is only 3.1% of the overall membrane stress of the cylinder, which can be ignored. Therefore, the mechanical properties of hemispherical head are the best and the materials used are the most economical. Product name:Gr12 Titanium Hemispherical Head Standard: ASME VIII-I, DIN28013 Material: GR12 Size: Customized MOQ:1PC Spherical head, also known as spherical crown head, is a head formed by the spherical crown part of the spherical shell, including hemispherical head and non folded spherical head. The spherical head has excellent forging, smooth surface, acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, beautiful appearance and strong texture performance. The applicable medium of spherical head is gas, liquid and steam. Spherical heads are used in petroleum, electronics, chemical industry, medicine, textile, food, machinery, construction, nuclear power, aerospace, military and other industries. Precautions for use of spherical head: 1. Carbon steel spherical head will crack in nitrate, ammonia, alkaline sodium and other environments. Explain to eliminate residual stress when ordering head. 2. Stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel will occur in the specific environment with chloride ions. Select appropriate materials when designing spherical head. 3. For carbon steel vessels requiring hot galvanizing or aluminizing, heat treatment shall be carried out first to remove residual stress Titanium grade 12 pipe (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) Chemical compositions(weight%,<=) Mo Ni Fe C N 0.2-0.4 0.6-0.9 0.30 0.08 0.03 H O Ti Others Total 0.015 0.25 Remainder 0.10 0.40 Physical properties(>=) Σb Tensile Strength (Mpa) σr0.2 Yield Strength (Mpa) δL0+50mm Elongation (%) ψ Reduction of area (%) 440 345 18

Product Name: Gr12 Titanium Seamless Tube Standard: ASTM B337,ASTM B338,ASTM B861, ASTM B862 Material: Titanium Gr12 Unit Price: $25usd/kg-$40usd/kg Type: Welded/Seamless Shape: Round Outer Diameter: 3-508mm Wall Thickness: 0.1-20mm Length: Max 12000mm Surface: Bright Gr12 Titanium Seamless Tube Titanium tubes have been widely used in chemical, petroleum, petrochemical, vacuum salt making, preparation, marine engineering, electric power and other industries. Titanium is widely used in corrosive media due to its good corrosion resistance, such as ionic membrane caustic soda, propylene oxide, etc. titanium materials are widely used in equipment and pipelines. Product media are also used in formic acid, methane chloride and other projects to solve pipeline corrosion problems. Place of Origin:Shaanxi, China Material:ASTM B337,ASTM B338,ASTM B861, ASTM B862 Outer Diameter:3-508mm Wall Thickness:0.2-20mm Length:Max 15Meter Standard:ASTM B861 Application:Industrial Technique:Seamless Grade:Titanium Alloy Key Words:titanium tube Type:Titanium Round Tube Certificates:SO9001:2015 Processing:Drawing Surface:Bright Finished Shape:Round.square.Rectangle Package:plywood Case Titanium grade 12 pipe (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) Chemical compositions(weight%,<=) Mo Ni Fe C N 0.2-0.4 0.6-0.9 0.30 0.08 0.03 H O Ti Others Total 0.015 0.25 Remainder 0.10 0.40 Physical properties(>=) Σb Tensile Strength (Mpa) σr0.2 Yield Strength (Mpa) δL0+50mm Elongation (%) ψ Reduction of area (%) 440 345 18 ------- Titanium is widely used in chemical industry because of its high strength, light weight, good heat transfer performance and corrosion resistance. These characteristics of titanium make it a relatively economic method to solve engineering problems related to chemical industry. Although the investment cost of titanium is higher than that of general performance materials, titanium has been widely used in the chemical industry. According to the life cycle analysis, using it can reduce the production cost by reducing maintenance, shortening downtime, increasing product quality and increasing product life.

Half Round Tube Shield Ladhani Metal Corporation manufactures precision-engineered Half Round Tube Shields designed to protect straight sections of boiler and heat exchanger tubes from wear, erosion, scaling, and thermal degradation. These shields are essential in areas where tubes are exposed to high-velocity gas flow, ash impact, or corrosive atmospheres. Their half-round, semi-cylindrical structure allows secure and quick installation on straight tube surfaces without the need for disassembly or major downtime. Half Round Straight Tube Shield The Half Round Straight Tube Shield is designed specifically to protect straight runs of boiler or exchanger tubes in high-temperature, corrosive, and abrasive service environments. These shields act as a barrier between the process medium and the tube surface, reducing the risk of tube thinning, cracking, and premature failure. Fabricated from a variety of stainless steels and heat-resistant alloys, the shields are available in multiple grades to suit varying application demands . Ladhani Metal Corporation is a trusted manufacturer, supplier, and exporter of Half Round Straight Tube Shields, offering customizable shielding solutions for a wide range of thermal process equipment and conditions. Available Material Grades • Stainless Steels: SS 304, 304L, 310, 310S, 316, 316L, 410, 420, 430 • Heat-Resistant Alloys: 1Cr13, 1Cr18Ni9Ti, Cr25Ni20, 1Cr25Ni20Si2, Cr23Ni13, 1Cr20Ni14Si2, Inconel 600, and others Typical Chemical Composition (example – SS 304) • Carbon (C): ≤ 0.08% • Manganese (Mn): ≤ 2.00% • Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.045% • Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.030% • Silicon (Si): ≤ 1.00% • Chromium (Cr): 18.0 – 20.0% • Nickel (Ni): 8.0 – 10.5% • Iron (Fe): Balance Applications: Designed for use in systems where straight tube lengths are exposed to hot, corrosive gases, ash particles, or scaling environments. Uses • Protection of straight boiler tubes in high-temperature zones • Shielding of exchanger tubes in oil refineries and chemical plants • Surface protection in economizers, superheaters, and reheaters • Applied in Waste Heat Recovery Boilers (WHRBs) and HRSGs • Suitable for utility boilers in thermal and captive power plants Features • Corrosion-resistant – Manufactured from stainless steels and alloys suited for chemical and high-heat environments • Thermal stability – Capable of withstanding prolonged exposure to high temperatures without deformation • Wear protection – Prevents tube erosion from fly ash, flue gas, and thermal cycling • Precise fitment – Custom-bent and sized to match tube diameter and length requirements • Easy installation – Can be clamped, welded, or banded with minimal downtime • Custom options – Available in various lengths, wall thicknesses, and alloy choices Applications • thermal power plants – Protects straight tubes from scale buildup and gas impingement • petrochemical refineries – Used in process heaters and tube exchangers to combat high-temperature corrosion • WHRB systems – Applied in exhaust zones to preserve tube integrity • chemical processing units – Offers reliable protection in corrosive steam and flue environments • pulp and paper industry – Shields recovery boiler tubes from ash erosion and chemical attack Conclusion The Half Round Straight Tube Shield by Ladhani Metal Corporation – manufacturer, supplier, and exporter – provides robust protection for straight tube sections in boilers, heat exchangers, and process heaters. With a range of alloy options and custom-fit configurations, these shields enhance the durability and efficiency of heat transfer systems operating in corrosive, abrasive, or high-thermal-stress environments. For technical guidance, size customization, or pricing, contact Ladhani Metal Corporation.

Half Round Tube Shield Half Round Tube Shields by Ladhani Metal Corporation are precision-engineered components used to protect boiler and heat exchanger tubes from erosion, scaling, and high-temperature corrosion. These shields are widely applied in industrial systems exposed to thermal cycling, aggressive gases, and particulate flow. Their half-round shape allows for simple and secure installation over straight or curved tube surfaces, extending tube life and reducing maintenance needs. 1Cr20Ni14Si2 U Type Half Round Tube Shield The 1Cr20Ni14Si2 U Type Half Round Tube Shield is manufactured from a high-temperature austenitic stainless steel alloy designed for demanding thermal environments. Composed primarily of chromium and nickel with enhanced silicon content, this alloy provides outstanding resistance to oxidation, scaling, carburization, and thermal fatigue. It is particularly effective in shielding U-bend tube sections within boilers, reformers, and heat recovery systems where prolonged exposure to high heat and reactive gases can degrade performance. The U-type configuration ensures full coverage of the inner and outer arcs of curved tubes, delivering comprehensive protection against mechanical and thermal damage. • Outer U Type Half Round Tube Shield – Protects the outer curvature of U-bends from high-temperature flue gas erosion, slag deposits, and oxidizing environments. • Inner U Type Half Round Tube Shield – Shields the inner bend arc from thermal stress cracking, scale formation, and turbulence-induced wear. Ladhani Metal Corporation provides 1Cr20Ni14Si2 U Type Half Round Tube Shields for industries requiring reliable, long-term protection in aggressive high-temperature service conditions. Chemical Composition of 1Cr20Ni14Si2 – Heat-Resistant Austenitic Stainless Steel • Carbon (C): ≤ 0.15% • Manganese (Mn): ≤ 1.50% • Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.035% • Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.030% • Silicon (Si): 1.50 – 2.50% • Chromium (Cr): 19.0 – 21.0% • Nickel (Ni): 13.0 – 15.0% • Iron (Fe): Balance Applications: Ideal for continuous and cyclic high-temperature systems where resistance to oxidation, thermal fatigue, and carburization is critical. Uses • Protection of U-bend tubes in superheaters and reheaters in power generation systems • Shielding of return bends in waste heat recovery boilers and HRSGs operating under high flue gas flow • Coverage for curved tube sections in reformers, cracking furnaces, and thermal oxidizers • Safeguarding tube bends in heat exchangers, condensers, and process gas heating systems • Applicable in chemical, metallurgical, and energy industries where extreme thermal cycling and gas exposure occur Features • Excellent oxidation resistance – Chromium and silicon-rich composition provides strong protection against scaling in high-temperature, oxidizing atmospheres. • Superior thermal fatigue performance – Maintains mechanical strength and dimensional stability under rapid temperature fluctuations. • Dual-arc shielding – Available in inner and outer U-type configurations for total protection of return bends in heat exchanger systems. • Precision engineered – Manufactured to match tube diameter and bend radius, ensuring tight, secure installation without vibration or misalignment. • Easy to install – Can be quickly mounted using banding, clamps, or tack welds without the need to disassemble tube bundles. • Long service life – Designed for demanding environments, reducing maintenance frequency and enhancing overall system efficiency. Applications • thermal power plants – Installed in U-bends of superheaters and reheaters to prevent heat-induced scaling, erosion, and fatigue cracking. Improves reliability and heat transfer efficiency. • petrochemical and refinery units – Used in process heaters, reformers, and thermal units where high-temperature gas exposure is constant. Provides stable, long-term protection. • waste heat recovery units – Shields U-shaped tubes in WHRBs and HRSGs from slag deposits, oxidizing gases, and temperature cycling stress. • chemical industries – Ideal for ammonia synthesis, methanol production, and gas reforming systems exposed to thermal shock and oxidizing media. • metal and glass manufacturing – Protects curved tubes in furnaces and preheaters exposed to abrasive and high-heat environments. Conclusion The 1Cr20Ni14Si2 U Type Half Round Tube Shield by Ladhani Metal Corporation is a high-performance solution for protecting U-bend tube sections in the most demanding thermal and chemical environments. With excellent resistance to oxidation, carburization, and thermal fatigue, this shield is ideal for use in power plants, refineries, chemical processing units, and high-temperature industrial systems. Designed for precision fit and easy installation, it provides dependable, long-lasting protection that reduces maintenance and extends equipment service life. For technical consultation, custom orders, or quotations, please contact Ladhani Metal Corporation.

Half Round Tube Shield Half Round Tube Shields by Ladhani Metal Corporation are precision-engineered components used to protect boiler and heat exchanger tubes from erosion, scaling, and high-temperature corrosion. These shields are widely applied in industrial systems exposed to thermal cycling, aggressive gases, and particulate flow. Their half-round shape allows for simple and secure installation over straight or curved tube surfaces, extending tube life and reducing maintenance needs. SS 420 U Type Half Round Tube Shield The SS 420 U Type Half Round Tube Shield is manufactured from hardenable martensitic stainless steel, providing robust mechanical strength, surface hardness, and oxidation resistance in high-temperature service environments. Designed specifically for U-bend sections in heat exchangers, boilers, and superheaters, this shield offers dependable protection against scaling, thermal fatigue, and particulate erosion. The U-type configuration enables targeted shielding of both the inner and outer arcs of tube bends—critical areas where temperature gradients and gas velocity are highest. • Outer U Type Half Round Tube Shield – Protects the outer curve of U-bends from slag accumulation, flame impingement, and surface wear caused by high-velocity gas flow. • Inner U Type Half Round Tube Shield – Shields the inner arc against turbulence-induced erosion, scaling, and corrosion under thermal stress conditions. Ladhani Metal Corporation supplies SS 420 U Type Half Round Tube Shields tailored to meet the demands of thermal power, petrochemical, and process industries operating in elevated temperature ranges with limited corrosive exposure. Chemical Composition of SS 420 – Hardenable Martensitic Stainless Steel • Carbon (C): 0.15 – 0.40% • Manganese (Mn): ≤ 1.00% • Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.040% • Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.030% • Silicon (Si): ≤ 1.00% • Chromium (Cr): 12.0 – 14.0% • Nickel (Ni): ≤ 0.75% • Iron (Fe): Balance Applications: Ideal for systems requiring wear resistance, oxidation stability, and mechanical strength in dry, heat-intensive environments. Uses • Protection of U-bend tubes in thermal power plant superheaters and reheaters • Coverage for curved tube sections in WHRBs and HRSGs exposed to abrasive gas flow • Shielding tube bends in chemical reactors and reformers where thermal shock and particulate wear are common • Erosion prevention in return bends of condensers, evaporators, and economizers • Suitable for heat exchanger systems with low moisture and minimal chemical corrosion Features • Excellent surface hardness – SS 420 can be heat-treated for increased hardness and wear resistance, making it suitable for erosive and abrasive service. • Good oxidation resistance – Performs effectively in dry air at elevated temperatures, helping prevent surface scaling and material degradation. • Full bend protection – Offered in both inner and outer U-type forms to ensure total shielding of critical tube bend areas. • Tight and secure fit – Engineered to match tube radius and diameter, ensuring vibration-free performance and minimal exposure. • Simple installation – Can be easily mounted using banding, clamping, or light tack welding without requiring full system shutdown. • Cost-effective solution – Provides a balance of performance and affordability for moderately aggressive service conditions. Applications • thermal and captive power plants – Used on U-bends in reheaters and superheaters to combat flue gas erosion and temperature cycling. Ensures better tube life and heat retention. • refinery and process industries – Suitable for return bends in units with dry, high-temperature gas flow and minimal moisture-induced corrosion. • waste heat recovery systems – Shields U-shaped tubes in WHRBs from slag, particulate impact, and scale buildup. • cement and glass industries – Installed on high-temperature tubes exposed to solid-laden gas streams for wear resistance and surface stability. • chemical plants – Applied in select heat exchanger areas where scaling and erosion are more critical than chemical corrosion. Conclusion The SS 420 U Type Half Round Tube Shield by Ladhani Metal Corporation offers a rugged and efficient solution for protecting U-bend tubes exposed to heat, slag, and abrasive gas flow. With its ability to resist scaling, erosion, and surface fatigue, SS 420 is ideal for industries operating in dry, high-temperature environments. Precision fit, dual-arc protection, and easy installation make these shields a valuable addition to any boiler or heat exchanger system. For technical consultation, custom orders, or quotations, please contact Ladhani Metal Corporation.

DIN 2543 refers to a standard for titanium flanges under the German DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung) system. Titanium flanges are designed for use in piping systems, connecting pipes, valves, pumps, and other equipment. They provide a secure method of joining pipes while allowing for easy disassembly when needed. These flanges are made from titanium or titanium alloys, which are known for their strength, corrosion resistance, and lightweight properties. Titanium is particularly advantageous in harsh environments such as marine, chemical processing, and high-temperature systems due to its resistance to oxidation and corrosion. Key Features: Material: Titanium or titanium alloys Corrosion Resistance: Excellent resistance to corrosion in various environments, particularly in acidic or saline conditions. Strength-to-weight ratio: Higher strength-to-weight ratio than steel. Temperature Tolerance: Titanium flanges can handle high temperatures and extreme conditions. Lightweight: Titanium is significantly lighter than steel, making transportation and handling easier. Pressure Rating (PN16):The "PN" (Pressure Nominal) value indicates the maximum pressure the flange can withstand at a specific temperature (typically 20°C).PN16 means the flange is rated for a maximum pressure of 16 bar (or 232 psi). Standard Flange Design: DIN 2543 titanium flanges follow a standardized design which includes: Type: Usually weld neck, slip-on, blind, or socket weld. Size: Flanges come in various sizes with different pressure ratings. Bolt Holes: They have drilled holes for bolts to connect to the mating flange. Face Type: Can be raised face, flat face, or RTJ (Ring Type Joint) depending on the application. Types of Titanium Flanges (According to DIN 2543): Weld Neck Flanges (WN): Ideal for high-pressure systems. Slip-on Flanges (SO): Easy to install, used for general applications. Blind Flanges (BL): Used to seal the end of a pipeline. Socket Weld Flanges (SW): Used for small bore applications. Lap Joint Flanges (LJ): Used with a stub end, providing easier alignment and disassembly Grades of Titanium Used for Flanges: Grade 2 (CP-Titanium - Commercially Pure Titanium): Composition: 99.2% pure titanium. Properties: Excellent corrosion resistance, moderate strength, highly ductile, good weldability. Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V - Titanium Alloy): Composition: 90% Titanium, 6% Aluminum, 4% Vanadium. Properties: High strength, excellent corrosion resistance, good fatigue strength, and slightly more difficult to weld. Conclusion: Grade 2 is ideal for applications requiring excellent corrosion resistance and ease of fabrication, while Grade 5 provides superior strength and is used in demanding applications like aerospace and high-performance industrial systems. Both grades offer excellent properties for titanium flanges used in a wide variety of industries. we also deal in various material in DIN2543 such at Stainless steel, duplex, super duplex, Inconel, Monel and carbon steel

DIN 2527 Inconel Blind Flanges are specialized components designed to close off the ends of pipes or vessels in industrial piping systems, where no further connection is required. These blind flanges are made from Inconel alloys, a family of high-performance superalloys, known for their outstanding strength, resistance to high temperatures, and corrosion resistance in aggressive environments. The DIN 2527 standard ensures that these flanges meet the highest specifications for dimensional accuracy, pressure tolerance, and mechanical strength. Material Composition of Inconel Alloys: The primary materials used in the production of DIN 2527 Inconel Blind Flanges include Inconel 600, Inconel 625, and Inconel 718, each offering specific advantages depending on the application: Inconel 600 (Ni 72%, Cr 15%): Known for excellent resistance to oxidation and corrosion in high-temperature environments. Inconel 625 (Ni 58%, Cr 21%, Mo 9%): Offers superior resistance to pitting, stress corrosion cracking, and oxidation. Inconel 718 (Ni 50%, Cr 19%, Mo 3%, Nb 5%): Known for high strength and excellent fatigue and thermal-fatigue strength. These alloys provide superior resistance to a wide range of harsh environments, such as high-temperature oxidation, sulfuric and phosphoric acid corrosion, and chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking. Key Features of DIN 2527 Inconel Blind Flanges: Temperature and Pressure Resistance: Operating Temperature: Inconel alloys can withstand extremely high temperatures, with Inconel 600 handling temperatures up to 1093°C (2000°F), Inconel 625 up to 982°C (1800°F), and Inconel 718 capable of continuous operation at temperatures of up to 700°C (1292°F). Pressure Tolerance: Designed to endure elevated pressures, with pressure ratings available in PN6, PN10, PN16, and other standard pressure classes, ensuring safety under extreme operating conditions. Corrosion Resistance: Exceptional resistance to oxidation, scaling, and various forms of corrosion, particularly in high-temperature environments. Inconel 625 is particularly effective in marine and chemical processing environments due to its resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion. Strength and Durability: Inconel alloys exhibit outstanding mechanical strength, even at high temperatures, ensuring the structural integrity of piping systems under stress. The DIN 2527 standard defines the dimensions and design to accommodate high-stress conditions, making these flanges essential in demanding industries. Dimensional Accuracy and Pressure Class: DIN 2527 ensures precise dimensional accuracy, allowing for effective sealing and easy installation in piping systems. Available in various sizes and thicknesses, with flanges designed to meet specific pressure classes like PN6, PN10, and PN16, depending on the application. Design and Types: Standard Blind Flange (Type A): A solid, circular flange ideal for general applications. Flat-Faced Blind Flange: Features a flat sealing surface, suitable for low-pressure systems. Raised Face Blind Flange: Has a raised surface for improved sealing in higher pressure applications. Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Blind Flange: Designed for high-pressure applications, with a groove for an RTJ gasket. Long Weld Neck Blind Flange: Offers added strength with an extended neck for welding, often used in high-pressure or stressed systems. Nominal Diameter: Available in a wide range of nominal diameters, typically from DN10 (1/2 inch) up to DN600 (24 inches) or more, to accommodate different pipe sizes and system requirements.

Titanium couplings and nipples are essential components used in piping systems to connect, extend, or adapt pipes. Renowned for their outstanding strength, corrosion resistance, and durability, titanium fittings are widely utilized in high-performance industries such as aerospace, marine, chemical processing, and power generation. The unique properties of titanium ensure that these fittings offer long-lasting, reliable service in demanding applications. Titanium Coupling A titanium coupling is a pipe fitting used to join two pipes or tubes together. They are designed to connect the same or different diameter pipes, allowing for a seamless, leak-proof connection. Titanium couplings offer exceptional resistance to corrosion, high strength, and are lightweight, making them ideal for use in environments exposed to harsh conditions like seawater, chemical exposure, or high temperatures. Titanium Nipple A titanium nipple is a short, cylindrical pipe section that is typically threaded on both ends to allow for easy connection of pipes. It serves as an extension or connection between two other fittings or pipes, offering a secure and stable joint. Like other titanium components, titanium nipples offer the advantage of corrosion resistance, strength, and durability, making them suitable for challenging applications across various industries. Titanium Couplings and Nipples – Mechanical Specifications Material: Grade: Typically Grade 2 (commercially pure titanium) or Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V, titanium alloy) depending on the application requirements. Standard: ASTM B337, ASTM B348, or equivalent. Tensile Strength: Grade 2 (Pure Titanium): 35,000 – 50,000 psi (240 – 345 MPa). Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V): 130,000 psi (900 MPa). Yield Strength: Grade 2 (Pure Titanium): 20,000 – 40,000 psi (138 – 276 MPa). Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V): 120,000 psi (828 MPa). Elongation: Grade 2 (Pure Titanium): 20-25%. Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V): 10-15%. Hardness: Grade 2 (Pure Titanium): 170-230 HV (Vickers hardness). Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V): 300-400 HV (Vickers hardness). Types of Titanium Couplings: Threaded Couplings: Used to connect pipes with matching threads, providing a secure and easy-to-assemble connection. Common for low-pressure systems. Socket Weld Couplings: Welded into the socket of connecting pipes, ideal for high-pressure applications, offering a permanent, strong connection. Butt Weld Couplings: Have flared ends for welding to pipes, commonly used in high-pressure systems for a smooth and durable connection. Flanged Couplings: Connect pipes via flanges and bolts with a gasket for a high-pressure, leak-proof connection. Suitable for large-scale industrial applications. Types of Titanium Nipples: Threaded Nipples: Cylindrical pipes with male threads at both ends, used to extend or connect pipes. Easy to install and remove. Socket Weld Nipples: One end fits into a socket for welding, designed for high-pressure systems, offering a permanent and robust connection. Butt Weld Nipples: Used to connect pipes by welding, offering a seamless and high-strength connection for high-pressure systems. Reducing Nipples: Connect pipes of different diameters, allowing for transitions between pipe sizes in fluid systems. Extension Nipples: Extend the length of a pipeline, used in systems requiring adjusted pipe alignment or spacing. Hex Nipples: Have a hexagonal shape for easy tightening and installation without tools, commonly used in fluid and gas systems.